Geodesic convexity

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In mathematics — specifically, in Riemannian geometrygeodesic convexity is a natural generalization of convexity for sets and functions to Riemannian manifolds. It is common to drop the prefix "geodesic" and refer simply to "convexity" of a set or function.

Contents

[edit] Definitions

Let (Mg) be a Riemannian manifold.

  • A subset C of M is said to be a geodesically convex set if, given any two points in C, there is a geodesic arc contained within C that joins those two points.
  • Let C be a geodesically convex subset of M. A function f : C → R is said to be a (strictly) geodesically convex function if the composition
f \circ \gamma : [0, T] \to \mathbb{R}
is a (strictly) convex function in the usual sense for every unit speed geodesic arc γ : [0, T] → M contained within C.

[edit] Properties

  • A geodesically convex (subset of a) Riemannian manifold is also a convex metric space with respect to the geodesic distance.

[edit] Examples

  • A subset of n-dimensional Euclidean space En with its usual flat metric is is geodesically convex if and only if it is convex in the usual sense, and similarly for functions.
  • The "northern hemisphere" of the 2-dimensional sphere S2 with its usual metric is geodesically convex. However, the subset A of S2 consisting of those points with latitude further north than 45° south is not geodesically convex, since the geodesic (great circle) joining two points on the southern boundary of A may well leave A (e.g. in the case of two points 180° apart in longitude, in which case the geodesic arc passes over the south pole).

[edit] References

  • Rapcsák, Tamás (1997). Smooth nonlinear optimization in Rn, Nonconvex Optimization and its Applications 19. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, xiv+374. ISBN 0-7923-4680-7.  MR1480415