General Sherman (tree)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
General Sherman is the name of a Giant Sequoia. It is one of the tallest Giant Sequoia trees in the world with a height of about 275 feet (84.8 metres). Although not the tallest tree in the world (coastal redwood being taller), it is the biggest in terms of volume, making it the world's largest known single organism by volume. As of 2002, the volume of its trunk measured about 1487 cubic meters. The tree is located in the Giant Forest of Sequoia National Park in the United States, east of Visalia, California. The tree is believed to be between 2,300 and 2,700 years old.[1]
It was named after General William Tecumseh Sherman, American Civil War leader, by naturalist James Wolverton in 1879. Wolverton had served as a Lieutenant in the 9th Indiana Cavalry under Sherman. The tree was identified as the largest in a 1931 dispute with the nearby General Grant tree, after which wood volume was the widely accepted determining factor.[2]
In January of 2006 the largest branch on the tree, seen most commonly in older photos as an "L" or "golf club" shape protruding from about 1/4th down the trunk, broke off. No one was present for the incident, but the branch, which had a diameter of over 2 m (6 feet) and a length of over 30 m (100 feet), bigger than most trees, smashed part of the enclosing fence and cratered the walkway pavement surrounding the sequoia. This is not believed to be indicative of any abnormalities with General Sherman's health, and may even be a natural defense mechanism against adverse weather conditions.[3] The branch loss did not change the General Sherman's status as the largest tree as its size has been calculated using measurements of trunk volume, excluding branches.
Measuring over 115 meters, the Hyperion in Redwood National Park is currently the world's tallest tree. Also, whereas the General Sherman tree is the largest Giant Sequoia (its common name), Lost Monarch is the largest known Sequoia (a genus name). Sequoia is the Coastal redwood genus name, and Sequoiadendron is the Giant Sequoia genus name.
Contents |
[edit] Statistics
| Metres | Feet | |
|---|---|---|
| Height above base[4] | 84.8 | 277.9 |
| Circumference at ground[4] | 32.12 | 105.6 |
| Maximum diameter at base[4] | 12.1 | 39.5 |
| Diameter 1.5 m above base[4] | 9.25 | 30.1 |
| Diameter 18 m (60') above base[4] | 6.2 | 20.5 |
| Diameter 55 m (180') above base[4] | 5.3 | 17.0 |
| Diameter of largest branch[4] | 2.6 | 7.1 |
| Height of first large branch above the base[4] | 43.5 | 135.0 |
| Average crown spread[4] | 35.0 | 110.0 |
| Estimated bole volume (m³.ft³)[5] | 1,486.0 | 52,500.0 |
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Stephenson, N.L. (January 2002). "Estimated Ages of Some Large Giant Sequoias: General Sherman Keeps Getting Younger". Nature Notes, Yosemite Association 2.
- ^ van Pelt, Robert. The Trees. Forest Giants.
- ^ Tweed, William. "Sequoias designed to last a couple of thousand years", Visalia Times Delta, 2006-02-07.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i The General Sherman Tree. Sequoia National Park. U.S. National Park Service (1997-03-27).
- ^ C. Phillip Weatherspoon. Sequoiadendron giganteum (Lindl.) Buchholz. USDA.
[edit] External links
- General Sherman (tree) is at coordinates Coordinates:
