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General MIDI Level 2 or GM2 is a specification for synthesizers which defines several requirements beyond the more abstract MIDI standard and is based on General MIDI and GS extensions. It was adopted in 1999 by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA).
[edit] General requirements
- Number of Notes: 32 simultaneous notes
- MIDI Channels: 16
- Simultaneous Melodic Instruments - up to 16 (all Channels)
- Simultaneous Percussion Kits - up to 2 (Channel 10/11)
[edit] Parameters
[edit] Program and bank change events
General MIDI 2 compatible synthesizers access all of the 256 instruments by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 121 and using cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to select the variation bank before a Program Change. Variation bank 0 contains full GM sound set.
[edit] Melodic sounds
Piano
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 1 |
0 |
Acoustic Grand Piano |
| 1 |
Wet Acoustic Grand |
| 2 |
Dry Acoustic Grand |
| 2 |
0 |
Bright Acoustic Piano |
| 1 |
Wet Bright Acoustic |
| 3 |
0 |
Electric Grand Piano |
| 1 |
Wet Electric Grand |
| 4 |
0 |
Honky-tonk Piano |
| 1 |
Wet Honky-tonk |
| 5 |
0 |
Rhodes Piano |
| 1 |
Detuned Electric Piano 1 |
| 2 |
Electric Piano 1 Variation |
| 3 |
60's Electric Piano |
| 6 |
0 |
Chorused Electric Piano |
| 1 |
Detuned Electric Piano 2 |
| 2 |
Electric Piano 2 Variation |
| 3 |
Electric Piano Legend |
| 4 |
Electric Piano Phase |
| 7 |
0 |
Harpsichord |
| 1 |
Coupled Harpsichord |
| 2 |
Wet Harpsichord |
| 3 |
Open Harpsichord |
| 8 |
0 |
Clavinet |
| 1 |
Pulse Clavinet |
Chromatic Percussion
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 9 |
0 |
Celesta |
| 10 |
0 |
Glockenspiel |
| 11 |
0 |
Music Box |
| 12 |
0 |
Vibraphone |
| 1 |
Wet Vibraphone |
| 13 |
0 |
Marimba |
| 1 |
Wet Marimba |
| 14 |
0 |
Xylophone |
| 15 |
0 |
Tubular Bell |
| 1 |
Church Bell |
| 2 |
Carillon |
| 16 |
0 |
Santur |
Organ
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 17 |
0 |
Hammond Organ |
| 1 |
Detuned Organ 1 |
| 2 |
60's Organ 1 |
| 3 |
Organ 4 |
| 18 |
0 |
Percussive Organ |
| 1 |
Detuned Organ 2 |
| 2 |
Organ 5 |
| 19 |
0 |
Rock Organ |
| 20 |
0 |
Church Organ 1 |
| 1 |
Church Organ 2 |
| 2 |
Church Organ 3 |
| 21 |
0 |
Reed Organ |
| 1 |
Puff Organ |
| 22 |
0 |
French Accordion |
| 1 |
Italian Accordion |
| 23 |
0 |
Harmonica |
| 24 |
0 |
Bandoneon |
Guitar
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 25 |
0 |
Nylon-String Guitar |
| 1 |
Ukulele |
| 2 |
Open Nylon Guitar |
| 3 |
Nylon Guitar 2 |
| 26 |
0 |
Steel-String Guitar |
| 1 |
12-String Guitar |
| 2 |
Mandolin |
| 3 |
Steel + Body |
| 27 |
0 |
Jazz Guitar |
| 1 |
Hawaiian Guitar |
| 28 |
0 |
Clean Electric Guitar |
| 1 |
Chorus Guitar |
| 2 |
Mid Tone Guitar |
| 29 |
0 |
Muted Electric Guitar |
| 1 |
Funk Guitar |
| 2 |
Funk Guitar 2 |
| 3 |
Jazz Man |
| 30 |
0 |
Overdriven Guitar |
| 1 |
Guitar Pinch |
| 31 |
0 |
Distortion Guitar |
| 1 |
Feedback Guitar |
| 2 |
Distortion Rtm Guitar |
| 32 |
0 |
Guitar Harmonics |
| 1 |
Guitar Feedback |
Bass
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 33 |
0 |
Acoustic Bass |
| 34 |
0 |
Fingered Bass |
| 1 |
Finger Slap |
| 35 |
0 |
Picked Bass |
| 36 |
0 |
Fretless Bass |
| 37 |
0 |
Slap Bass 1 |
| 38 |
0 |
Slap Bass 2 |
| 39 |
0 |
Synth Bass 1 |
| 1 |
Synth Bass 101 |
| 2 |
Synth Bass 3 |
| 3 |
Clavi Bass |
| 4 |
Hammer |
| 40 |
0 |
Synth Bass 2 |
| 1 |
Synth Bass 4 |
| 2 |
Rubber Bass |
| 3 |
Attack Pulse |
Orchestra Solo
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 41 |
0 |
Violin |
| 1 |
Slow Violin |
| 42 |
0 |
Viola |
| 43 |
0 |
Cello |
| 44 |
0 |
Contrabass |
| 45 |
0 |
Tremolo Strings |
| 46 |
0 |
Pizzicato Strings |
| 47 |
0 |
Harp |
| 1 |
Yang Qin |
| 48 |
0 |
Timpani |
Orchestra Ensemble
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 49 |
0 |
String Ensemble |
| 1 |
Orchestra Strings |
| 2 |
60's Strings |
| 50 |
0 |
Slow String Ensemble |
| 51 |
0 |
Synth Strings 1 |
| 1 |
Synth Strings 3 |
| 52 |
0 |
Synth Strings 2 |
| 53 |
0 |
Choir Aahs |
| 1 |
Choir Aahs 2 |
| 54 |
0 |
Voice Oohs |
| 1 |
Humming |
| 55 |
0 |
Synth Voice |
| 1 |
Analog Voice |
| 56 |
0 |
Orchestra Hit |
| 1 |
Bass Hit |
| 2 |
6th Hit |
| 3 |
Euro Hit |
Brass
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 57 |
0 |
Trumpet |
| 1 |
Dark Trumpet |
| 58 |
0 |
Trombone |
| 1 |
Trombone 2 |
| 2 |
Bright Trombone |
| 59 |
0 |
Tuba |
| 60 |
0 |
Muted Trumpet |
| 1 |
Muted Trumpet 2 |
| 61 |
0 |
French Horns |
| 1 |
French Horn 2 |
| 62 |
0 |
Brass Section 1 |
| 1 |
Brass Section 2 |
| 63 |
0 |
Synth Brass 1 |
| 1 |
Synth Brass 3 |
| 2 |
Analog Brass 1 |
| 3 |
Jump Brass |
| 64 |
0 |
Synth Brass 2 |
| 1 |
Synth Brass 4 |
| 2 |
Analog Brass 2 |
Reed
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 65 |
0 |
Soprano Sax |
| 66 |
0 |
Alto Sax |
| 67 |
0 |
Tenor Sax |
| 68 |
0 |
Baritone Sax |
| 69 |
0 |
Oboe |
| 70 |
0 |
English Horn |
| 71 |
0 |
Bassoon |
| 72 |
0 |
Clarinet |
Wind
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 73 |
0 |
Piccolo |
| 74 |
0 |
Flute |
| 75 |
0 |
Recorder |
| 76 |
0 |
Pan Flute |
| 77 |
0 |
Bottle Blow |
| 78 |
0 |
Shakuhachi |
| 79 |
0 |
Whistle |
| 80 |
0 |
Ocarina |
Synth Lead
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 81 |
0 |
Square Lead |
| 1 |
Square Wave |
| 2 |
Sine Wave |
| 82 |
0 |
Saw Lead |
| 1 |
Saw Wave |
| 2 |
Doctor Solo |
| 3 |
Natural Lead |
| 4 |
Sequenced Saw |
| 83 |
0 |
Synth Calliope |
| 84 |
0 |
Chiffer Lead |
| 85 |
0 |
Charang |
| 1 |
Wire Lead |
| 86 |
0 |
Solo Synth Vox |
| 87 |
0 |
5th Saw Wave |
| 88 |
0 |
Bass & Lead |
| 1 |
Delayed Lead |
Synth Pad
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 89 |
0 |
Fantasia Pad |
| 90 |
0 |
Warm Pad |
| 1 |
Sine Pad |
| 91 |
0 |
Polysynth Pad |
| 92 |
0 |
Space Voice Pad |
| 1 |
Itopia |
| 93 |
0 |
Bowed Glass Pad |
| 94 |
0 |
Metal Pad |
| 95 |
0 |
Halo Pad |
| 96 |
0 |
Sweep Pad |
Synth Sound FX
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 97 |
0 |
Ice Rain |
| 98 |
0 |
Soundtrack |
| 99 |
0 |
Crystal |
| 1 |
Synth Mallet |
| 100 |
0 |
Atmosphere |
| 101 |
0 |
Brightness |
| 102 |
0 |
Goblin |
| 103 |
0 |
Echo Drops |
| 1 |
Echo Bell |
| 2 |
Echo Pan |
| 104 |
0 |
Star Theme |
Ethnic
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 105 |
0 |
Sitar |
| 1 |
Sitar 2 |
| 106 |
0 |
Banjo |
| 107 |
0 |
Shamisen |
| 108 |
0 |
Koto |
| 1 |
Taisho Koto |
| 109 |
0 |
Kalimba |
| 110 |
0 |
Bagpipe |
| 111 |
0 |
Fiddle |
| 112 |
0 |
Shanai |
Percussive
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 113 |
0 |
Tinkle Bell |
| 114 |
0 |
Agogo |
| 115 |
0 |
Steel Drums |
| 116 |
0 |
Woodblock |
| 1 |
Castanets |
| 117 |
0 |
Taiko |
| 1 |
Concert Bass Drum |
| 118 |
0 |
Melodic Tom 1 |
| 1 |
Melodic Tom 2 |
| 119 |
0 |
Synth Drum |
| 1 |
808 Tom |
| 2 |
Electric Percussion |
| 120 |
0 |
Reverse Cymbal |
Sound Effect
| Patch Number |
Bank Number |
Instrument Name |
| 121 |
0 |
Guitar Fret Noise |
| 1 |
Guitar Cut Noise |
| 2 |
String Slap |
| 122 |
0 |
Breath Noise |
| 1 |
Flute Key Click |
| 123 |
0 |
Seashore |
| 1 |
Rain |
| 2 |
Thunder |
| 3 |
Wind |
| 4 |
Stream |
| 5 |
Bubble |
| 124 |
0 |
Bird |
| 1 |
Dog |
| 2 |
Horse-Gallop |
| 3 |
Bird 2 |
| 125 |
0 |
Telephone 1 |
| 1 |
Telephone 2 |
| 2 |
Door Creaking |
| 3 |
Door Closing |
| 4 |
Scratch |
| 5 |
Wind Chimes |
| 126 |
0 |
Helicopter |
| 1 |
Car-Engine |
| 2 |
Car-Stop |
| 3 |
Car-Pass |
| 4 |
Car-Crash |
| 5 |
Siren |
| 6 |
Train |
| 7 |
Jetplane |
| 8 |
Starship |
| 9 |
Burst Noise |
| 127 |
0 |
Applause |
| 1 |
Laughing |
| 2 |
Screaming |
| 3 |
Punch |
| 4 |
Heart Beat |
| 5 |
Footsteps |
| 128 |
0 |
Gun Shot |
| 1 |
Machine Gun |
| 2 |
Lasergun |
| 3 |
Explosion |
[edit] Drum sounds
These are the same patch numbers as defined in GS. Drum bank is accessed by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 120 and cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to 0 and PC (Program Change) to select drum kit.
|
1 Standard Kit - the only kit specified by General MIDI Level 1
9 Room Kit - more ambient percussive sounds
17 Power Kit - more powerful kick and snare sounds
25 Electronic Kit - emulations of various electronic drum machines
26 TR-808 Kit - analog drum kit similar to Roland TR-808
33 Jazz Kit - nearly identical to the Standard kit
41 Brush Kit - many brush sounds added
49 Orchestra Kit - a collection of concert drums and timpani
57 Sound FX Kit - a collection of sound effects
128 CM-64/CM-32L - the standard MT-32 Drum Kit
|
[edit] Additional percussion notes
These are the same GS drum notes and span Drum Kits 1 to 49:
|
27 High Q
28 Slap
29 Scratch
30 Scratch
31 Sticks
32 Square
33 Metronome
34 Metronome
|
82 Shaker
83 Jingle Bell
84 Belltree
85 Castanets
86 Mute Surdo
87 Open Surdo
|
[edit] Supported Control Change messages
(Some messages are optional)
- Bank Select (cc#0/32)
- Modulation Depth (cc#1)
- Portamento Time (cc#5)
- Channel Volume (cc#7)
- Pan (cc#10)
- Expression (cc#11)
- Hold1 (Damper) (cc#64)
- Portamento ON/OFF (cc#65)
- Sostenuto (cc#66)
- Soft (cc#67)
- Filter Resonance (Timbre/Harmonic Intensity) (cc#71)
- Release Time (cc#72)
- Brightness (cc#74)
- Decay Time (cc#75) (new message)
- Vibrato Rate (cc#76) (new message)
- Vibrato Depth (cc#77) (new message)
- Vibrato Delay (cc#78) (new message)
- Reverb Send Level (cc#91)
- Chorus Send Level (cc#93)
- Data Entry (cc#6/38)
- RPN LSB/MSB (cc#100/101)
[edit] Supported Registered Parameter Numbers (RPNs)
- Pitch Bend Sensitivity
- Channel Fine Tune
- Channel Coarse Tune
- Modulation Depth Range (Vibrato Depth Range)
- RPN NULL
[edit] Supported Universal System Exclusive (SysEx) messages
- Master Volume
- Master Fine Tuning
- Master Coarse Tuning
- Reverb Type
- Reverb Time
- Chorus Type
- Chorus Mod Rate
- Chorus Mod Depth
- Chorus Feedback
- Chorus Send to Reverb
- Controller Destination Setting
- Scale/Octave Tuning Adjust
- Key-Based Instrument Controllers
- GM2 System On
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
