Gavriil Baranovsky

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Gavriil Vasilyevich Baranovsky

Eliseyem Emporium, 56 Nevsky Prospect
Personal information
Name Gavriil Vasilyevich Baranovsky
Nationality Russia
Birth date March 23, 1860
Birth place Odessa
Date of death  ?? 1920
Place of death  ?? Saint Petersburg
Work
Significant buildings Eliseyev Buildings, Saint Petersburg
Significant projects First town plan for Murmansk, 1917

Gavriil Vasilyevich Baranovsky (Russian:Гавриил Васильевич Барановский, also spelled as Baranovskii, March 23, 1860 - ?? 1920) was a Russian architect, civil engineer, art historian and publisher, who worked primarily in Saint Petersburg for the Eliseyev family, but also practiced in Moscow and produced the first town plan for Murmansk (then Romanov-na-Murmane).

Contents

[edit] Biography

[edit] Education and early career

Born in Odessa, Gavriil Baranovsky trained at Saint Petersburg Institute of Civil Engineers (1881-1886), graduating with an honorary silver medal. He began his architectural career as an assistant to Paul Susor (Pavel Susor) between 1883 and 1885. His first commission was a state-financed Main Palace Chancellery (Главная дворцовая канцелярия); in 1885-1888, Baranovsky worked on numerous apartment buildings in Saint Petersburg. After 1888 he became staff architect for the Baltic Shipyards.

[edit] Architect to Eliseyevs

Baranovsky was married to a daughter of Grigory Eliseyev of the Eliseyev (Yeliseyev, Eliseeff) trading family based in Saint Petersburg, owner of a lot of local real estate. Grigory Eliseyev's apartment building (1889-1890) became Baranovsky's first independent commission as a lead architect. Later, Baranovsky completed various country homes for the Eliseyevs and, most visible of his buildings, an eclectic Eliseyev Emporium on Nevsky Prospect (1900-1903) and its Moscow counterpart, Eliseyev Store on Tverskaya Street (1898-1901, with Marian Peretyatkovich). In 1898 Eliseyev was appointed construction manager for all Eliseyev businesses.

Baranovsky's style varied through different shades of eclectics, eventually focusing on Art Nouveau.

[edit] Public activities

In 1891 Baranovsky was appointed to Empress Maria's Office of Charitable Institutions and designed Saint-Petersburg Eye Hospital. He also held various consultancy roles with other state institutions. More important was his public editorial activity, starting as chief editor of Our Home (Наше Жилище, 1894-1895), later Stroitel (Строитель, 1895-1905) magazine. Baranovsky promoted and edited the "Architectural Encyclopaedia of the Second Half of 19th century" ("Архитектурная энциклопедия второй половины XIX века") in seven volumes. It was then considered to be the most complete Russian reference on contemporary architecture of the world.

According to St. Petersburg Fragments (Петербург - фрагменты) Biographical section, the aging architect died in 1920 from starvation that followed the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Russian Civil War.

[edit] Buildings

[edit] Saint Petersburg and suburbs

[edit] Moscow

[edit] Elsewhere

  • 1897-1899 Yeliseyev Estate and Park, Toila-Oru, Estonia (destroyed)
  • 1917 Town plan for Romanov-na-Murmane settlement (present-day Murmansk)

[edit] References

  • Russian: Архитекторы-строители Петербурга-Петрограда начала XX века. Каталог выставки. Л., 1982; Барановский, с. 21-22 (Architects and builders of St. Petersburg and Petrograd at the beginning of 20 century. Exhibition catalogue. Leningrad, 1982, pp.21-22)
  • Russian: Кириков Б.М., Федоров С.Г. Зодчий-энциклопедист (Г.В.Барановский). Ленинградская панорама, 1985, N 2 (B.M. Kirikov and S.G. Federov - Gavriil Baranovskii, Architect-Encyclopedist, Leningrad Panorama, No. 2, 1985)
  • Russian: Нащокина, Мария, "Архитекторы московского модерна", М, "Жираф", 2005, с. 62-66 (Maria Naschokina, Architect of Moscow Moderne, M, 2005, pp.63-66)
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