Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase

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gamma-glutamyltransferase 1
Identifiers
Symbol GGT1
Alt. Symbols GGT
Entrez 2678
HUGO 4250
OMIM 231950
RefSeq NM_001032364
UniProt P19440
Other data
EC number 2.3.2.2
Locus Chr. 22 q11.1-11.2
gamma-glutamyltransferase 2
Identifiers
Symbol GGT2
Alt. Symbols GGT
Entrez 2679
HUGO 4251
OMIM 137181
RefSeq NM_002058
UniProt P36268
Other data
EC number 2.3.2.2
Locus Chr. 22 q11.1-11.2
gamma-glutamyltransferase 3
Identifiers
Symbol GGT3
Entrez 2680
HUGO 4252
Other data
EC number 2.3.2.2
Locus Chr. 22 [1]

Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT or GGTP, or Gamma-GT) (EC 2.3.2.2) is primarily a liver enzyme.

Contents

[edit] Function

It is involved in the transfer of amino acids across the cellular membrane. It is also involved in glutathione metabolism by transferring the glutamyl moiety to a variety of acceptor molecules including water, certain L-amino acids and peptides. Leaving the cysteine product to preserve intracellular homeostasis of oxidative stress. [1][2]


[edit] Location

GGT is found on the cell surface on all cells, with particularly high concentrations in the liver, bile ducts, and kidney.

The enzyme is also present in other tissues, such as the epididymis.

[edit] Clinical significance

Since serum γGT mainly comes from the biliary system, it is a sensitive test for liver function, especially in biliary obstruction.

Its level in the blood may be tested for, as an elevated level may indicate an abnormality in the liver, though this can be caused by a number of conditions including:

Its levels are increased in chronic and acute alcohol abuse.

[edit] References

  1. ^ Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai Zasshi. 2007 Jun;42(3):110-24
  2. ^ Schulman JD et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1975 Jul 8;65(1):68-74

[edit] External links

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v • d • e
Transferases: acyltransferases (EC 2.3)
2.3.1: other than amino-acyl groups
(mostly acetyltransferases)
2.3.2 - Aminoacyltransferases
2.3.3 - converted into alkyl on transfer
v • d • e
Metabolism: amino acid metabolism - synthesis and catabolism enzymes (essential in CAPS)
K→acetyl-CoA
(see below)
G→pyruvate
G→glutamate
G→propionyl-CoA
→succinyl-CoA→TCA
G→fumarate
G→oxaloacetate
Other