Gérard de Lally-Tollendal
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Trophime-Gérard, marquis de Lally-Tollendal (March 5, 1751—March 11, 1830), was a French politician.
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[edit] Early life and career
Born in Paris, he was the legitimized son of the Thomas Arthur de Lally, and only discovered the secret of his birth on the day of his father's execution, when he devoted himself to clearing his father's memory. He was supported by Voltaire, and in 1778 succeeded in persuading King Louis XVI to annul the decree which had sentenced the comte de Lally, but the parlement of Rouen, to which the case was referred back, in 1784 again decided in favour of Lally's guilt. The case was retried by other courts, but Lally's innocence was never fully admitted by the French judges.
In 1779 Lally-Tollendal bought the office of Grand bailli of Étampes, and in 1789 was a deputy to the Estates-General for the noblesse of Paris. He played some part in the early stages of the French Revolution, but, as a conservative, quickly rejected more profound changes.
[edit] Exile and return
He joined the opposition to the strict regime of the Marquis de Mirabeau, and condemned the decisive rejection of the Ancien Régime by the National Constituent Assembly, begun by the Tennis Court Oath and confirmed by the abolition of feudalism on August 4, 1789. Later in the year he emigrated to Great Britain.
During the trial of Louis XVI by the National Convention (December 1792 - January 1793) he offered to defend the king, but was not allowed to return to France. He did not return until after the establishment of the Consulate. Louis XVIII created him a Peer of France, and in 1816 he became a member of the French Academy.
From that time until his death, he devoted himself to philanthropic work, especially identifying himself with prison reform. He died in Paris.
[edit] Works
- Lally-Tollendal, Plaidoyer pour Louis XVI, London, 1793
- Mémoires, attributed to Joseph Weber, concerning Marie Antoinette (1804, partial authorship)
- Article on Thomas Arthur de Lally in the Biographic Michaud
[edit] References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. In turn, it gives the following references:
- Antoine-Vincent Arnault, Discours prononcé aux funérailles de M. le marquis de Lally-Tollendal le 13 mars 1830 (Paris)
- Charles-Edmé Gauthier de Brecy, Nécrologie de M. le marquis de Lally-Tollendal (Paris, undated)
- Voltaire, Oeuvres completes (Paris, 1889) - the analytical table of contents, vol. ii
| Preceded by Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès |
Seat 31 Académie française 1816–1830 |
Succeeded by Jean-Baptiste Sanson de Pongerville |
