Fushin bugyō
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Fushin-bugyō (普請奉行 fushin-bugyō?) were officials of the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo period Japan. Appointments to this prominent office were usually fudai daimyō.[1] Conventional interpretations have construed these Japanese titles as "commissioner" or "overseer."
This bakufu tile identifies an official with responsibility for public works -- for construction projects which involved civil engineering like land reclamation projects, for excavation of moats and canals, and for the collection of stone and the erection of castle walls. As a result of the experiences involved in castle building in the Momoyama period and early-Edo period, Tokugawa architectural practice, such as the construction of the mausoleum complex at Nikkō, was seen as a subordinate to the massive task of wall building which was seen as an essential security measure in troubled times.[2] This position was made permanent in 1652.[3]
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[edit] Sakuji-bugyō created in 1632
In response to the perceived importance of the wall-building and moat-dredging work of the fushin-bugyō, the position of sakuji-bugyō was created in 1632 as part of an effort to tighten administrative controls over other construction activities in what had previously been an ad hoc army of builders in a diverse array of trades[4]
[edit] List of fushin-bugyō
- Revisions and sourced additions are welcome.
- Fukushima Tamemoto.[5]
[edit] Notes
- ^ Beasley, William. (1955). Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853-1868, pp. 18-19.
- ^ Coaldrake, William H. (1996) Architecture and Authority in Japan, p. 178.
- ^ James L. McClain, James et al. (1997). Edo and Paris: Urban Life and the State in the Early Modern Era, p. 171.
- ^ Coaldrake, pp. 178-179.
- ^ Naito, Akira et al. (2003). Edo: the City that Became Tokyo, p. 26.
[edit] References
- Beasley, William G. (1955). Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853-1868. London: Oxford University Press. [reprinted by RoutledgeCurzon, London, 2001. 10-ISBN 0-197-13508-0; 13-ISBN 978-0-197-13508-2 (cloth)]
- Coaldrake, William H. (1996) Architecture and Authority in Japan. London: Routledge. 10-ISBN 0-415-10601-X; 13-ISBN 978-0-415-10601-6 (paper)
- James L. McClain, James, John M. Merriman and Kaoru Ugawa, (1997). Edo and Paris: Urban Life and the State in the Early Modern Era. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 10-ISBN 0-801-48183-X
- Naito, Akira, Kazuo Hozumi, and H. Mack Horto. (2003). Edo: the City that Became Tokyo. Tokyo: Kodansha. 10-ISBN 4-770-02757-5
