Fundus (eye)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The fundus of the eye is the interior surface of the eye, opposite the lens, and includes the retina, optic disc, macula and fovea, and posterior pole.[1] The fundus can be viewed with an ophthalmoscope.[1] The term may also be inclusive of Bruch's membrane and the choroid.[citation needed]
The color of the fundus varies both between and within species. In one study[2] of primates the retina is blue, green, yellow, orange, and red; only the human fundus (from a lightly pigmented blond person) is red. The major differences noted among the "higher" primate species were size and regularity of the border of macular area, size and shape of the optic disc, apparent 'texturing' of retina, and pigmentation of retina.
The eye's fundus is the only part of the human body where the microcirculation can be observed directly.[3] The diameter of the blood vessels around the optic disc is about 150 μm, and an ophthalmoscope allows observation of blood vessels with diameters as small as 10 μm.[3]
Medical signs that can be detected from observation of eye fundus include haemorrhages, exudates, cotton wool spots, blood vessel abnormalities (tortuosity, pulsation and new vessels) and pigmentation.[4]
[edit] References
- ^ a b Cassin, B. and Solomon, S. Dictionary of Eye Terminology. Gainesville, Florida: Triad Publishing Company, 1990.
- ^ Wolin LR, Massopust LC (September 1967). "Characteristics of the ocular fundus in primates". J. Anat. 101 (Pt 4): 693–9. PMID 6059819.Free full text in PubMed Central
- ^ a b Ronald Pitts Crick, Peng Tee Khaw, "A Textbook of Clinical Ophthalmology: A Practical Guide to Disorders of the Eyes and Their Management", 3rd edition, World Scientific, 2003, ISBN 981-238-128-7
- ^ Imran Akram, Adrian Rubinstein "Common retinal signs. An overview", "Optometry Today", 28/01/05, [1]
[edit] See also
 |
This eye article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
