Fritillaria

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the plants. Fritillary butterflies are several genera in the Heliconiini (subfamily Heliconiinae).

Fritillaria
Fritillaria meleagris (Snake's Head fritillary)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Liliopsida Order: Liliales Family: Liliaceae Genus: Fritillaria L.
Species
See text

Fritillaria is a genus of about 100 species of bulbous plants in the family Liliaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They often have nodding, bell- or cup-shaped flowers, and the majority are spring-flowering. The name is from Latin fritillus, a dice-box, and probably refers to the checkered pattern, frequently of chocolate-brown and greenish yellow, that is common to many species' flowers.

Several species (such as Fritillaria cirrhosa and Fritillaria verticillata) are used in traditional Chinese cough remedies. They are listed as chuan bei (Chinese: 川貝) or zhe bei (Chinese: 浙貝), respectively, and are often in formulations combined with extracts of loquat.

Selected species

Fritillaria acmopetala – Lebanese Fritillary Fritillaria affinis (Schultes & Schultes f.) Sealy – Checker Lily Fritillaria agrestis Greene Fritillaria anhuiensis S.C.Chen & S.F.Yin Fritillaria armena Boiss. Fritillaria atropurpurea Nutt. Fritillaria biflora Lindl. – Chocolate Lily Fritillaria brandegei Eastw. Fritillaria camschatcensis (L.) Ker Gawl. – Kamchatka Fritillary Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don Fritillaria conica Boiss. Fritillaria crassicaulis S.C.Chen Fritillaria dagana Turcz. ex Trautv. Fritillaria dajinensis S.C.Chen Fritillaria davidii Franch. Fritillaria davisii Turrill Fritillaria delavayi Franch. Fritillaria drenovskii Degen & Stoj. Fritillaria dzhabavae A.P.Khokhr. Fritillaria eastwoodiae Macfarlane Fritillaria eduardii Regel Fritillaria ehrhartii Boiss. & Orph. Fritillaria epirotica Turrill ex Rix Fritillaria euboeica Rix Fritillaria falcata (Jepson) D.E.Beetle Fritillaria fusca Turrill Fritillaria gentneri Gilkey Fritillaria glauca Greene Fritillaria graeca Boiss. & Spruner Fritillaria grandiflora Grossh. Fritillaria grayana Reichenb.f. & Baker Fritillaria gussichiae (Degen & Dörfl.) Rix Fritillaria imperialis L. – Crown Imperial Fritillary Fritillaria involucrata All. Fritillaria karelinii Fischer ex D. Don Fritillaria kotschyana Herb. Fritillaria kurdica Boiss. & Noë Fritillaria lanceolata – Mission Bells, Checker Lily Fritillaria latifolia Willd. Fritillaria liliacea Lindl. – Fragrant Fritillary Fritillaria lusitanica Wikstr. Fritillaria lutea Mill. Fritillaria macedonica Bornm. Fritillaria maximowiczii Freyn

Fritillaria meleagris L. – Snake's Head Fritillary Fritillaria meleagroides Patrin ex Schult.f. Fritillaria messanensis Raf. Fritillaria micrantha Heller Fritillaria monantha Migo Fritillaria montana Hoppe Fritillaria obliqua Ker Gawl. Fritillaria ojaiensis A.Davids. Fritillaria olgae Vved. Fritillaria ophioglossifolia Freyn & Sint. Fritillaria orientalis Adams Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk Fritillaria persica L. Fritillaria pinetorum A.Davids. Fritillaria pluriflora Torr. ex Benth. – Adobe Lily Fritillaria pontica Wahlenb. Fritillaria przewalskii Maxim. Fritillaria pudica (Pursh) Spreng. – Yellow Bell Fritillaria purdyi Eastw. Fritillaria pyrenaica L. Fritillaria raddeana Regel Fritillaria recurva Benth. – Scarlet Fritillary Fritillaria regelii Losinsk. Fritillaria rhodocanakis Orph. ex Baker Fritillaria ruthenica Wikstr. Fritillaria sewerzowii Fritillaria sichuanica S.C.Chen Fritillaria sinica S.C.Chen Fritillaria skorpilii Velen. Fritillaria striata Eastw. Fritillaria stribrnyi Velen. Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. Fritillaria tortifolia X.Z.Duan & X.J.Zheng Fritillaria tubiformis Gren. & Godr. Fritillaria tuntasia Heldr. ex Halácsy Fritillaria unibracteata P.K.Hsiao & K.C.Hsia Fritillaria uva-vulpis Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim. Fritillaria verticillata Willd. Fritillaria viridea Kellogg Fritillaria walujewii Regel Fritillaria yuminensis X.Z.Duan Fritillaria yuzhongensis G.D.Yu & Y.S.Zhou

[edit] References

• Flora Europaea: Fritillaria
• Flora of North America: Fritillaria
• Flora of China: Fritillaria
• Treatment of California Fritillaria from the Jepson Manual
• New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary
• Fritillaria used in Chinese medicine