User:Fred.e/(List of) Amphibians of Western Australia

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The Amphibians of Western Australia are represented by two families of frogs. Of the 78 species found, most within the southwest, 38 are unique to the state. 15 of the 30 genera of australian frogs occur; from arid regions and coastlines to permanent wetlands.

Frog species in Western Australia have not suffered the major declines of populations and diversity of many parts of the world. No species is recorded as having become extinct, despite over 50% of recent worldwide extinctions being Australian.

Three species are listed as Threatened, two as Vulnerable and Geocrinia alba as Critically Endangered. Threats to the species include an introduced fungal disease Chytridiomycosis (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis ) and damage to habitat from altered land use and fire regimes.

The frogs inhabitat a wide range of habitat and many in the Southwest, such as Myobatrachidae sp., occur with high endemism. The Cyclorana (Family: Hylidae) are ground dwelling and burrowing species occuring in the North of the state. These are tree frogs closely related in structure and reproductive biology to the other Hylidae genus - Litoria.

Fossil records of other species in the taxon Amphibia have been identified in shale of the north west.

Myobatrachidae contains three sub-families (some taxonomists them as individual families), two of which occur in Western Australia. The tree frog family, Hylidae, contains a subfamily, Pelodryadinae (Austro-Papuan tree frogs), and two genera occur.

Limnodynastinae: Heleioporus (Gray, 1841); Limnodynastes (Fitzinger, 1843); Neobatrachus (Peters, 1863); Notaden (Günther, 1873); Opisthodon Steindachner, 1867

Myobatrachinae: Arenophryne; Crinia (Tschudi, 1838); Geocrinia (Blake, 1973); Metacrinia (Parker, 1940); Myobatrachus (Schlegel In Gray, 1850); Pseudophryne (Fitzinger, 1843); Spicospina (Roberts, et al, 1997); Uperoleia (Gray, 1841schudi, 1838)

Pelodryadinae: Cyclorana; Litoria

1 Species
2 Prehistory
3 See also
4 Reference

[edit] Species

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**Myobatrachidae and Hylidae**
Taxa	Description	Distribution	Red List
Genus: Arenophryne	One species
Arenophryne rotunda	Fossorial frog that uses strong arms to (unusually) burrow forward.	Coastal, Kalbarri to Shark Bay	LC
Genus: Bufo
Bufo marinus	Cane toad	Entering WA at 30 km per year	LC
Genus: Crinia
Crinia bilingua	Bilingual Froglet
Crinia georgiana	Quacking Froglet
Crinia glauerti	Glauert's Froglet
Crinia insignifera	Western Sign-bearing Froglet
Crinia pseudinsignifera	False Western Froglet
Crinia subinsignifera	Small Western Froglet
Genus:Cyclorana (Family: Hylidae)	Water-holding frogs. Ground dwelling and hibernating tree frogs.		LC
Cyclorana australis	Giant Frog (Gray, 1842)	Kimberley
Cyclorana cryptotis	Hidden-eared Frog (Parker, 1940)	Kimberley region
Cyclorana cultripes	Knife-footed Frog (Parker, 1940)	Kimberley region
Cyclorana longipes	Long-footed Frog (Tyler & Martin, 1977)	Kimberley region
Cyclorana maini	Main's frog (Tyler & Martin, 1977)	Central west australia. Range: Winning Pool, Lake Disappointment to Morawa and Laverton
Cyclorana platycephala	WATER-HOLDING FROG (Günther, 1873)	Wide distribution in the central west.
Cyclorana vagitus	Wailing Frog (Tyler, Davies & Martin, 1981)	Kimberley
Genus: Geocrinia	formerly Crinia	Southwest Australia	LC except:
Geocrinia alba	White-bellied Frog		CR
Geocrinia leai	Lea's frog
Geocrinia lutea	Walpole’s frog, Nornalup Frog (Main, 1963)		NT
Geocrinia rosea, (Harrison, 1927)	Karri frog, Roseate frog
Geocrinia vitellina	Orange-bellied frog, Yellow-bellied frog		VU
Genus: Heleioporus	Burrowing frogs. All except H. australiacus are WA endemic.		LC
Heleioporus albopunctatus (Gray, 1841)	Western Spotted Frog	Southwest Australia
Heleioporus barycragus (Lee, 1967)	Western Marsh Frog.	Southwest Australia
Heleioporus eyrei (Gray, 1845)	Moaning Frog (eyrei)	Southwest Australia
Heleioporus inornatus (Lee & Main, 1954	Plains Frog.
Heleioporus psammophilus (Lee & Main, 1954)	Sand Frog
Genus:Litoria (Family: Hylidae)	Genus of tree frog ranging from Australia and New Guinea to Indonesia.		LC except:
Litoria adelaidensis	Slender Tree Frog	Southwest Australia
Litoria bicolor	Northern Dwarf Tree Frog	Kimberly region
Litoria caerulea	Green Tree Frog
SpeciesLitoria cavernicola	Name Cave-dwelling Tree Frog		DD
Litoria coplandi	Name Copland's Rock Frog
SpeciesLitoria cyclorhyncha	Spotted-thighed Frog
Litoria dahli	Dahl's Aquatic Frog
Litoria inermis	Floodplain Frog
Litoria meiriana	Rockhole Frog
Litoria microbelos	Javelin Frog
Litoria moorei	Motorbike Frog, Bell Frog.
Litoria nasuta	Rocket Frog
Litoria pallida	Pale Frog
Litoria rothii	Roth's Tree Frog or Northern Laughing Tree Frog	North west
Litoria rubella	The Desert Tree Frog or Little Red Tree Frog	Common to northern half of state.
Litoria splendida	Magnificent Tree Frog or Splendid Tree Frog
Litoria tornieri	Tornier's Frog
Litoria watjulumensis	Wotjulum or Watjulum Frog
Genus: Limnodynastes
Limnodynastes convexiusculus	Marbled Marsh Frog
Limnodynastes depressus	Flat-headed Frog
Limnodynastes dorsalis	Pobblebonk, Western Banjo Frog
Limnodynastes lignarius	Carpenter Frog
Genus: Metacrinia	One species	Restricted habitat
Metacrinia nichollsi	Nicholl's Toadlet	Occurring between Dunsborough and Albany.	LC
Genus: Myobatrachus
Myobatrachus gouldi	Turtle Frog		LC
Genus: Neobatrachus			LC
Neobatrachus albipes	White-footed Trilling Frog
Neobatrachus aquilonius	Northern Burrowing Frog
Neobatrachus centralis	Desert Trilling Frog
Neobatrachus fulvus	Tawny Trilling Frog
Neobatrachus kunapalari	Kunapalari Frog
Neobatrachus pelobatoides	Humming Frog
Neobatrachus sutor	Shoemaker Frog
Neobatrachus wilsmorei	Goldfields Bullfrog
Genus: Notaden
Notaden melanoscaphus	Northern Spadefoot Toad
Notaden nichollsi	Desert Spadefoot Toad
Notaden weigeli	Weigel's Toad		DD
Genus: Opisthodon			No listing
Opisthodon ornatus	Ornate Burrowing Frog
Opisthodon spenceri	Spencer's Burrowing Frog
Genus: Pseudophryne	Toadlets		LC
Pseudophryne douglasi	Douglas's Toadlet
Pseudophryne guentheri	Gunther's Toadlet
Pseudophryne occidentalis	Orange-crowned Toadlet
Genus: Spicospina		Restricted habitat
Spicospina flammocaerulea	Sunset Frog, harlequin Frog, mountain road Frog	Walpole	VU D2
Genus: Uperoleia	Toadlets	Restricted habitat	LC expect:
Uperoleia aspera	Derby Toadlet (Tyler, Davies & Martin, 1981)
Uperoleia borealis	Northern Toadlet (Tyler, Davies & Martin, 1981)
Uperoleia crassa	Fat Toadlet (Tyler, Davies & Martin, 1981)
Uperoleia glandulosa	Glandular Toadlet (Davis, Mahoney and Roberts,,1986)
Uperoleia lithomoda	Stonemason Toadlet (Tyler, Davies & Martin, 1981)
Uperoleia marmorata	Marbled Toadlet (Gray, 1841)		DD
Uperoleia micromeles	Tanami Toadlet (Tyler, Davies & Martin, 1981)
Uperoleia minima	Small Toadlet (Tyler, Davies & Martin, 1981)
Uperoleia mjobergi	Mjoberg's Toadlet (Andersson, 1913)
Uperoleia russelli	Russell's Toadlet (Loveridge, 1933)
Uperoleia talpa	Mole Toadlet (Davies & Martin, 1981)
Uperoleia trachyderma	Blacksoil Toadlet (Tyler, Davies & Martin, 1981)

[edit] Prehistory

Fossils of Amphibians have been found in Western Australia.

Genus	Scientific Name	Common name/s	Distibution
Deltasaurus	Deltasaurus kimberleyensis		Blina shale

[edit] See also

Amphibians of Australia

[edit] Reference

Burbidge, Andrew A (2004). "9. Amphibians", Threatened animals of Western Australia. Department of Conservation and Land Management, 129-133. ISBN 0 7307 5549 5. “However, not all unlisted frogs are doing well - there has been extensive loss of habitat in cleared areas, especially in the Wheatbelt, where most wetlands have either disapppeared or become saline.”
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.. Retrieved on 2007-04-06.
The frogs of Western Australia. the Amphibian Research Centre.. Retrieved on 2007-04-08. “There are 77 frogs listed as occurring in Western Australia.”