French onion soup
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| French Onion Soup | |
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| Plate of french onion soup. | |
| Origin Information | |
| Country of Origin : | France |
| Creator(s) of the dish : | Multiple claims |
| Dish Information | |
| Main Ingredient(s) : | Onion Beef broth Croutons Cheese |
| Variations : | Vegan Versions |
French onion soup is an onion and beef broth based soup traditionally served with croutons and cheese as toppings. Although ancient in origin, this dish underwent a resurgence of popularity in the 1960s due to the growth of French cooking in the United States.[1]
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[edit] History
Onion soups have been popular at least as far back as Roman times. They were, throughout history, seen as food for the poor people, as onions were plentiful and easy to grow. The modern version of this soup originates in France in the 17th century,[1] made from dry bread or croutons, beef broth, and caramelized onions. It is often broiled in a ramekin traditionally with gruyère melted on top. The crouton on top is reminiscent of ancient sops (see "Early history" section of soup).
Legend has it that the soup was created by King Louis XV of France. Late one night, he discovered he only had onions, butter and champagne at his hunting lodge, so he mixed them together to create the first French onion soup.[2] Alternate stories attribute the creation to King Louis XIV.[3]
Julia Child's last meal was French Onion Soup. She died peacefully in her sleep of kidney failure soon after.
[edit] Preparation
The rich flavor of the base is not due just to the broth, but to the caramelized onions.[4] Caramelization, in this case, is the procedure in which the onions are cooked slowly until the melting sugars approach burning temperature, becoming brown. This can be accomplished within half an hour, but many chefs and cooks allow for hours of cooking to bring out the complex flavors of the onions' sugars. In the final stages of cooking, cognac or sherry is often used to enhance the caramelized onion flavor and to deglaze the pan.[5]
The base is usually topped with the crouton,[5] which will be very dry and crusty to allow it to withstand lying on the soup surface while baked or broiled with a good melting cheese on top. The soup is then served in the bowl or ramekin in which it was broiled or baked.
[edit] Variations
Variations of the basic recipe include:
- Preparation without cheese for vegans[6]
- Using vegetable stock or water (instead of beef stock) for vegans or vegetarians[6]
- Brown broth meats like necks or tails to render fat for the onions and add their own flavor and body to the dish.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ a b French onion soup at The Food Timeline website
- ^ Duncan, Monroe (May 2005), "Soupe à l’oignon Gratineé," at The Restaurant Show
- ^ French Recipes and Cookbooks at travelguide2france.com
- ^ French Onion Soup at marthastewart.com
- ^ a b frenchonionsoups.com
- ^ a b Bennett, Beverly L.,Vegetarian French Onion Soup at The Vegan Chef
[edit] External links
