French legislative election, 1997
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| French legislative election, 1997 All 577 seats to the French National Assembly |
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| May 25 and June 1, 1997 | ||||
| Majority Party | Minority Party | Third Party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Leader | Lionel Jospin | Alain Juppé | François Léotard | |
| Party | PS | RPR | Union for French Democracy | |
| Leader's seat | Haute-Garonne 7th | Gironde-2nd | Var-5th | |
| Last election | 53 seats | 242 seats | 207 seats | |
| Seats won | 225 | 139 | 112 | |
| Seat change | +172 | -103 | -95 | |
| Popular vote | 5,977,045 (1st round) 9,722,022 (2nd round) |
3,983,257 (1st round) 5,714,354 (2nd round) |
3,617,440 (1st round) 5,284,203 (2nd round) |
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| Percentage | 23.49% (1st round) 38.20% (2nd round) |
15.65% (1st round) 22.46% (2nd round) |
14.22% (1st round) 20.07% (2nd round) |
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| France |
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French legislative election took place in May 25 and June 1, 1997 to elect the 11th National Assembly of the Fifth Republic. It was the consequence of President Jacques Chirac's decision to call the legislative election one year before the deadline.
In March 1993, the right obtained a large victory in the legislative election and a comfortable parliamentary majority. Two years later, the RPR leader Jacques Chirac was elected President of France in promising to reduce the "social fracture". However, the programme of welfare reforms ("Plan Juppé") proposed by his Prime Minister Alain Juppé caused a social crisis in November and December 1995. The popularity of the executive duo decreased.
In spring 1997, President Chirac tried to take the left-wing opposition by surprise by breaking up the National Assembly. The first polls indicated a re-election of the right-wing majority. The "Plural Left" coalition, composed of the Socialists, the Communists, the Greens, the Citizens' Movement and the Left Radicals, proposed a program of social reforms to reduce unemployment, limiting the length of the work week to 35 hours. Alain Juppé's unpopularity may have made the left's win easier.
In the first round, the left-wing coalition obtained more votes than the incumbent parliamentary majority. The National Front achieved its best result in a legislative election[citation needed]. The right obtained its worst result in a legislative election during the Fifth Republic.
After he was blamed for the situation, Alain Juppé announced he would resign even if the right kept their majority in the National Assembly after the second round. For all that, the "Plural left" obtained the majority of the seats. However the Socialist Party needed its allies to form a majority. For the first time, the ecologists are represented in the Parliament. The participation of National Front's candidates in the second round increased the defeat of the "Presidential majority".
This was the first time since 1877 that a President of France lost a legislative election which he had called. The Socialist leader Lionel Jospin became Prime Minister of the third "cohabitation". It finished with the 2002 French presidential election.
[edit] Results
| Parties and coalitions | 1st round | 2nd round | Total seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Votes | % | ||||
| Socialist Party (Parti socialiste) | PS | 5,977,045 | 23.49 | 9,722,022 | 38.20 | 255 | |
| French Communist Party (Parti communiste français) | PCF | 2,523,405 | 9.92 | 921,716 | 3.62 | 35 | |
| The Greens (Les Verts) | 1,738,287 | 6.83 | 414,871 | 1.63 | 7 | ||
| Miscellaneous Left-wing | DVG | 713,082 | 2.80 | 543,789 | 2.14 | 4 | |
| Radical-Socialist Party (Parti radical-socialiste) | PRS | 389,782 | 1.53 | 558,959 | 2.20 | 12 | |
| Citizens' Movement (Mouvement des citoyens) | MDC | 263,490 | 1.04 | see DVG | see DVG | 7 | |
| Total "Plural Left" | 11,605,091 | 45.61 | 12,161,357 | 47.79 | 320 | ||
| Rally for the Republic (Rassemblement pour la République) | RPR | 3,983,257 | 15.65 | 5,714,354 | 22.46 | 139 | |
| Union for French Democracy (Union pour la démocartie française) | UDF | 3,617,440 | 14.22 | 5,284,203 | 20.07 | 112 | |
| Miscellaneous Right-wing | DVD | 1,073,014 | 4.22 | 594,862 | 2.34 | 0 | |
| The Independent Right (La Droite Indépendante) | LDI | 606,355 | 2.38 | see DVD | see DVD | 2 | |
| Total "Presidential Majority" (Right) | 9,280,066 | 36,5 | 11,593,419 | 36,5 | 251 | ||
| National Front (Front national) | FN | 3,800,785 | 14.94 | 1,434,854 | 5.64 | 1 | |
| Far-Left | 644,051 | 2.53 | - | - | 0 | ||
| Miscellaneous | 354,249 | 1.39 | ? | ? | 3 | ||
| Others Far-Right | 26,759 | 0.11 | - | - | 0 | ||
| Total | 25,423,790 | 100.00 | 25,189,630 | 100.00 | 577 | ||
| Abstention: 32.09% (1st round); 28.48% (2nd round) | |||||||
[edit] 11th Assembly by Parliamentary Group
| Group | Members | Caucusing | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Socialist Group | 242 | 8 | 250 | |
| RPR Group | 136 | 6 | 140 | |
| UDF Group | 107 | 6 | 113 | |
| Communist Group | 34 | 2 | 36 | |
| Radical, Citizen and Green | 33 | 0 | 33 | |
| Non-Inscrits | 5 | 0 | 5 | |
| Total: | 555 | 22 | 577 | |
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