Freital
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| Freital | |
| Coat of arms | Location |
 |
  |
| Administration | |
| Country |  Germany |
|---|---|
| State | Saxony |
| Admin. region | Dresden |
| District | Weißeritzkreis |
| Town subdivisions | 7 |
| Mayor | Klaus Mättig (CDU) |
| Basic statistics | |
| Area | 40.53 km² (15.6 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 160 m (525 ft) |
| Population | 39,122 (31/03/2007) |
| - Density | 965 /km² (2,500 /sq mi) |
| Other information | |
| Time zone | CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) |
| Licence plate | DW |
| Postal code | 01705 |
| Area code | 0351 |
| Website | www.freital.de |
Freital is a town in the Weißeritzkreis district, in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the small river Weißeritz, 8 km southwest of Dresden.
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[edit] Geography
Freital lies south-west of Dresden in Döhlener pool, which is used by the United Weisseritz from south-west to north-east through. As a famous landmark rose and the wind mountain about 100 meters above the valley. The deepest point in the city is about 195 m above sea level. NN. The transition of the Weißeritz in the city of Dresden in Plauen's background.
In the town of Mountain Grove is the confluence of the Red Weißeritz and Wilden Weißeritz. Besides waters of the United Weisseritz are Wiederitz, Poisenbach and channeled mostly smaller waters like the Vorholzbach, Burgker Bach, the Birkigter Bach, the Somsdorfer Bach, the Weißiger Bach. Natural water is not there, the mud pond in the heap, and the retention basins Zauckerode are in the 20th Century.
Geologically, the Döhlener basins a Rotliegend-Senke which at the end of the Oberkarbons emerged. This is between the same zone and the Erzgebirge Gneismassiv.
[edit] Neighboring municipalities
In the eastern borders Freital to the state capital Dresden. Neighboring communities in Weißeritzkreis are Bannewitz, and the cities Höckendorf, Rabenau, Tharandt and Wilsdruff.
[edit] Municipal subdivisions
- Weißig with Oberweißig and Unterweißig
- Wurgwitz (with Kohlsdorf, Niederhermsdorf and Hammer)
- Deuben (with Schweinsdorf)
- Döhlen
- Potschappel (with Niederpesterwitz)
- Hainsberg (with Coßmannsdorf and Eckersdorf)
- Kleinnaundorf
- Burgk
- Birkigt
- Zauckerode
- Saalhausen
- Pesterwitz
- Somsdorf
[edit] History
Documented history begins with the familiar Dresdner document from 1206 in which noblemen appear to be governed by Potschappel, Döhlen and Wurgwitz. These initial choices arise tradition of pure coincidence, just Potschappel and Wurgwitz expected at the time already existed for centuries, perhaps since the 9th Century. Potschappler Adel then dips until 1309, while the Döhlener probably 1228 as Arnold "de Zukerade" (first naming of Zauckerode) again. The Potschappler could in the lords of Sürßen risen, in the Oberlausitz moved. Many districts are only in the 14th Century erstgenannt.
The history of free valley is closely linked with the history of coal mining in Döhlener pool, the current open-Valley area.
First mentions There were 1549. The Elector mint Hans Biener Moritz received by the Duke of Saxony the privilege reduce coal. It is said that the coal discoveries have been more had known, but only a few farmers schürften just below the earth's surface, to fuel for his own needs. The year 1571 was the first time in Burgk and 1574 in Potschappel coal dismantled. When the stocks were tilting, the shafts came into oblivion.
The year 1743 was a so-called coal mandate issued to the landowner rights to all of his land to schürfenden coal existed. Until the mid-18th Century founded approximately 30 small businesses, by their small size and experience despite great pressure of competition were performing.
This changed with the onset of industrialization. The Kingdom of Saxony wanted his share of it, and bought up 1822 all companies left the White Ritz. In the year 1799 the Leopold-Erbstolln, 1806 the Knights goods Zauckerode and Döhlen including the privilege to Potschappler coal fields. For the many small businesses has now created a large, the "Royal Saxon coal plant Zauckerode".
On the right side Weisseritzstrasse began the concentration of holdings until 1819, when Carl Friedrich August Krebß (later Freiherr von Burgk Dathe) new knights on Burgk landowners. He inherited five pits and bought surrounding coal fields. This, he founded the "Free Herrlich of Burgker coal and iron smelting works."
While this concentration continued rapid development of technology and the industry. The upswing was so enormous that the coal-mining of Plauen's plea for several decades, until about the 1870s, the technical and organizational terms at the head in Germany could stand. This led many technical innovations, such as the 1810 introduced "wet sieving Set" and 1820, the first steam engines.
1823 began in Burgk with the coking of the hitherto untapped coal, and from 1828 was the first gas produced. The year 1842 was the first high-Saxon coke oven in the Burgker ferrous metallurgical plants in operation. To the technically conditional large quantities of water from the pits out, water had to be Structures, said the Tiefe-Weißeritz-Stolln (1800-1838) and the depth Elbstolln (1817-1836).
On 2 August 1869 occurred in Neuhoffnungschacht the Burgker coal plants a firedamp explosion in which 276 miners died. At the blessing of God shaft near the mountain wind recalled a monument.
On 1 In October 1921, the places Deuben, Döhlen and Potschappel to a joint city together. Since no name of a community foundation for the city name was called, was a competition for the best name of the new town tendered. There were suggestions of names like "Deupodö-Stadt" (by Deuben, Potschappel and Döhlen), or "Dreistadt". Finally, the Döhlener community representatives Hermann Henker executioner named "Freital" (Free Valley), and this finally sat down.
1924 was by then the official captain of Dresden-old city belonging Freital.
Since the imperial period, the city developed into the Weimar period into a hotbed of social democracy. In the Weimar Republic was Freital the only city in Saxony with a Socialist mayor, because the Communists are not as strong as in the rest of Saxony were represented. The first mayor Clear Valley was Dr. Carl Wedderkopf. His term of office ran from 1921 until 1927. After he had Gustav Klimpel, also a Social Democrat, this office until 1933 inne. Almost one in ten citizens was a member of the SPD, for a wide range of clubs and leisure activities and Freital caused to a "welfare island", as it is nowhere else in the country was made. From 1933 to 1945, there were numerous resistance nests in Freital and surroundings. By the end of the Nazi era were back almost 3000 people in the SPD, and the SED achieved a clear majority in the first elections. The SED Regime has, however, the memory of that time completely overlaid, it was the SPD 1990 only 10% of the votes. Even by the Work Clubs shaped leisure culture is today in this form nothing more left.
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