Frans van Schooten

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Frans van Schooten

Franciscus van Schooten (1615 in Leiden – May 29, 1660 in Leiden) was a Dutch mathematician who is most known for popularizing the analytic geometry of René Descartes.

Van Schooten read Descartes' Géométrie (an appendix to his Discours de la méthode) while it was still unpublished. Finding it hard to understand, he went to France to study the works of other important mathematicians of his time, such as François Viète and Pierre de Fermat.

Van Schooten's father was a professor of mathematics at Leiden, having Christiaan Huygens, Johann van Waveren Hudde, and René de Sluze as students. When Frans van Schooten returned to his home in Leiden in 1646, he inherited his father's position and one of his most important pupils, Huygens.

Van Schooten's 1649 Latin translation of and commentary on Descartes' Géométrie was valuable in that it made the work understandable to the broader mathematical community, and thus was responsible for the spread of analytic geometry to the world. Over the next decade he enlisted the aid of other Dutch mathematicians of the time, de Beaune, Hudde, Heuret, de Witt and expanded the commentaries to two volumes, published in 1659 and 1661. This edition and its extensive commentaries was far more influential than the 1649 edition, and it was this edition from which Leibniz and Newton learned so much material that was essential to their discovery of the Calculus.

Van Schooten was one of the first to suggest, in exercises published in 1657, that these ideas be extended to three-dimensional space. Van Schooten's efforts also made Leiden the centre of the mathematical community for a short period in the middle of the seventeenth century.