Frank Crean

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Frank Crean (born 28 February 1916), Australian politician, was a senior minister in the Australian Labor Party government of Gough Whitlam from 1972 to 1975, and was Deputy Prime Minister for the last six months of the government's term.

Crean was born Francis Daniel Crean in Hamilton, Victoria, where his father was a bicycle-maker of Irish Catholic descent. Crean, however, is a Presbyterian, and changed his name from Francis Daniel to the less Irish-sounding Frank. He graduated from the University of Melbourne with degrees in arts and commerce and a diploma in public administration, and became an accountant and tax consultant. In 1945 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly, but was defeated in 1947. He was re-elected in 1949.

In 1946 Crean married Mary Findlay, with whom he had three sons. One of these, Simon Crean, was federal Leader of the Opposition from 2001 to 2003. Another, Dr. David Crean, became a minister in the state Labor government in Tasmania. The third son, Stephen Crean, became lost while skiing and died in a blizzard near Charlotte Pass in August 1985, resulting in a massive but unsuccessful search.

In 1951 Crean quit state politics to stand for the safe Labor seat of Melbourne Ports in the Australian House of Representatives. In Canberra Crean advanced rapidly, since he was one of the few Labor members with formal qualifications in economics. In 1956 he was elected to the Opposition front-bench and became in effect shadow Treasurer (although Labor did not have a formal shadow ministry until 1969), a position he held for 16 years.

During the 1960s Crean was sometimes considered as a possible party leader, but his rather plodding public image meant that he was overtaken by Gough Whitlam, who became leader in 1967. When Whitlam finally led Labor to office at the 1972 elections, Crean became Treasurer, although Whitlam had no real confidence in him.

Crean was unfortunate that his time as Treasurer coincided with the onset of high inflation and rising unemployment. He did not trust the orthodox economic advice he was getting from the Treasury, but he lacked the authority to challenge it. The leader of the Labor Left, Dr Jim Cairns, attacked Crean's policies in the Cabinet, and in December 1974 Whitlam gave Cairns the Treasury and moved Crean to the Trade portfolio.

In July 1975 Whitlam sacked Cairns over his involvement in the Loans Affair, and Crean was elected party Deputy Leader and Deputy Prime Minister in his place. He held this position until the dismissal of the Whitlam government in November 1975. After the elections he contested the leadership but was defeated by Whitlam. He retired from Parliament in 1977. In July 2006 it was reported that he was too frail to travel interstate for Whitlam's ninetieth birthday function.

With the death of Clyde Cameron on 14 March 2008, Crean became the earliest surviving member of the Commonwealth Parliament.

[edit] Bibliography

• Frith, Marion (1995). "Family Politics--Like Father, Like Son." The Age. June 24.
• Griffiths, Tony (2005). Beautiful Lies: Australia From Menzies to Howard. Kent Town: Wakefield Press.
• Smyth, Paul (1994). Australian Social Policy: The Keynesian Chapter. Sydney: New South Wales University Press.
• Stewart Ian (1974). "Inflation Troubles Australian Labor Party." New York Times. October 8.
• Trumbull, Robert (1973). "Problems Cloud Whitlam's Image." New York Times. February 4.

Parliament of Australia
Preceded by Gough Whitlam	Treasurer 1972-1974	Succeeded by Jim Cairns
Preceded by Jim Cairns	Minister for Overseas Trade 1974-1975	Succeeded by Doug Anthony
	Deputy Prime Minister 1975	Succeeded by Doug Anthony
Parliament of Australia
Preceded by Ted Holloway	Member for Melbourne Ports 1951-1977	Succeeded by Clyde Holding
Party political offices
Preceded by Jim Cairns	Deputy Leader of the Australian Labor Party 1975	Succeeded by Tom Uren