Francis Scott Key Bridge (Baltimore)

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Francis Scott Key Bridge
Francis Scott Key Bridge
Carries 4 lanes of I-695
Crosses Patapsco River
Maintained by Maryland Transportation Authority
Design Truss bridge
Longest span 1,200 feet (366 m)
Opening date March 23, 1977
Not to be confused with the Francis Scott Key Bridge (Washington)

The Francis Scott Key Bridge, also known as the Outer Harbor Bridge or simply the Key Bridge, is a continuous truss bridge spanning the Patapsco River in Maryland, USA.

The bridge was opened in March 1977 and is named for the author of the Star Spangled Banner, Francis Scott Key, who wrote the national anthem underneath the bridge. The bridge is the outermost of three toll crossings of Baltimore’s Harbor. Upon completion, the bridge structure and its approaches became the final links in Interstate 695, also known as the Baltimore Beltway.

The span is 1,200 feet long and is four lanes wide. This bridge is a designated hazardous materials truck route (as HAZMATs are prohibited in the two tunnels).

The Key Bridge is a toll facility operated by the Maryland Transportation Authority. The current toll rate for cars is $2.00. The bridge is also part of the E-ZPass system, and includes two dedicated E-ZPass lanes in its toll plaza in both the northbound and southbound directions.

Contents

[edit] Background

In the 1960s Maryland Transportation Authority, concluded there was a need for a second harbor crossing and began planning a single-tube tunnel under the Patapsco River, downstream from the Harbor Tunnel. The proposed site was between Hawkins Point and Sollers Point. Plans also were underway for a drawbridge over Curtis Creek to connect Hawkins Point to Sollers Point.

Contractors took borings of the harbor bottom in the spring of 1969. Bids for construction of the proposed tunnel were opened on July 30, 1970, but price proposals were substantially higher than the engineering estimates. Officials drafted alternative plans, including the concept of a four-lane bridge.

The bridge, at an estimated cost of $110 (USD) million, represented the best alternative because it allowed for more traffic lanes and carried lower operating and maintenance costs than a tunnel. In addition, a bridge would provide a route across the Baltimore Harbor for vehicles transporting hazardous materials (these materials are prohibited from both the Baltimore Harbor and Fort McHenry tunnels).

Construction began in 1972, and the bridge opened to traffic on March 23, 1977. Including its connecting approaches, the bridge project is 10.9 miles (17.5 km) in length. Other structures along the thruway include a 0.64-mile (1.03 km) dual-span drawbridge over Curtis Creek and two 0.74-mile (1.19 km) parallel bridge structures that carry traffic over Bear Creek, near the former Bethlehem Steel Sparrows Point plant, this portion of the project not being fully complete until the late 1990s.

Located in an area rich with American history, scholars believe the span crosses within 100 yards (100 m) of the site, marked in the water off the bridge by a stars and striped painted buoy, where Francis Scott Key witnessed the bombardment of Fort McHenry on the evening of September 12, 1814. That battle inspired Key to write the words of the Star Spangled Banner. Located just southeast of the bridge are the ruins of Fort Carroll.

There is another bridge called the Francis Scott Key Bridge, located in Washington, DC. It crosses the Potomac River, and links the District to Arlington, Virginia.

[edit] Fast facts

  • Construction Dates: 1972 - March 1977
  • Cost: US$60.3 million
  • Annual Traffic: 11.5 million vehicles

Sources: Maryland Transportation Authority

[edit] Trivia

 Trivia sections are discouraged under Wikipedia guidelines.
The article could be improved by integrating relevant items and removing inappropriate ones.
  • Appears on the HBO drama series The Wire.
  • In Liberty Heights, the bridge appears in the background in a brief shot, although anachronistically (the plot is set in 1954 and the bridge was not built until 1972-77).

[edit] External links

 
Crossings of the Patapsco River
Upstream
Baltimore Harbor Tunnel
 Francis Scott Key Bridge
 Downstream
Chesapeake Bay
edit
Maryland Transportation Authority facilities
Bridges Chesapeake Bay | Hatem (Susquehanna) | Key (Outer Harbor) | Nice (Potomac) | Tydings
Tunnels Baltimore Harbor | Fort McHenry
Highways Harbor Tunnel Thruway | JFK Memorial Highway | I-95 in Baltimore | I-395 | ICC (future)
Bridges and tunnels in Baltimore, Maryland
Patapsco River Hanover Street Bridge - Fort McHenry Tunnel (I-95) - Baltimore Harbor Tunnel (I-895) - Francis Scott Key Bridge (I-695)
Railroads Baltimore and Potomac Tunnel (Amtrak) - Union Tunnel (Amtrak) - Howard Street Tunnel (CSX)
Other Orleans Street Viaduct (US 40)