Foundation Course

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A preparatory course for university-level art and design education, used particularly in the United Kingdom.

[edit] Description

The Foundation Course is a one or two year preparatory course for school-leavers who want to qualify for a place on a bachelors degree course in art, design or architecture. The course is almost entirely practical in nature, although increasingly elements of art and design history have been introduced, and it is considered sufficient to qualify those who pass it to move on to a degree course without further study. It is the dominant form of entry to university and art college degree courses in the United Kingdom, but versions of it exist in several other countries, particularly where British influence over art education has been historically strong. In Ireland it is known at the Core Studies course, and versions of the Foundation Course also exist in Australia, Canada, Cyprus, Malta and New Zealand. In recent years it has also started to appear in The Netherlands.

[edit] Origin and Methodology

The origin of the Foundation Course dates back to the 1950s in the north of England, when William Coldstream began teaching at King's College, Newcastle, and Harry Thubron at Leeds College of Art. Together they began to establish a team to deliver a new form of art preparation course they called the Basic Design Course. The aim of the course was to teach what were considered to be the basic skills that underpin all art and design activities, including architecture. This resulted in projects designed to develop skills in using colour, articulating two and three dimensional space, defining form and experimenting with diverse materials. Many of these theories were tested by Thubron at a series of art Summer Schools in the seaside town of Scarborough, North Yorkshire, which attracted art students, artists and art teachers from throughout Britain. The result of this was that the theories of the Basic Design Course were very widely disseminated, which helped the programme to become so widespread.

This approach to preparing art and design students for degree level study had its origins in the writings of Herbert Read, and Coldstream, Thubron and Read regularly met to discuss their ideas at Read's house in the village of Stonegrave, North Yorkshire. Read's ideas had their origin the German Bauhaus school of art, which had used a similar method prior to its closure by the Nazis in 1933.

A notable feature of this method of the Foundation Course method is that it does not teach basic versions of later art or design practices, so that someone wanting to be a painter would not be taught basic painting, or a student wanting to be a graphic designer would not be taught basic graphic design. Specific skills were left to be taught in the specific degree course itself, whereas the Foundation Course only focused on the core skills that are perceived to be common to all art and design practices.

[edit] Current Status

Although the Foundation Course still exists in Britain and elsewhere, in recent years there has been a major erosion of the original aims of the course as universities have started demanding that applicants have an increasing amount of knowledge that is specific to the art and design practice they want to specialise in. This has meant that many further education colleges that once offered the Foundation Course have now switched to subject-specific preparation courses, abandoning the generalist Foundation Course model. Nonetheless, the Foundation Course survives, with the main British validating bodies being:

Outside of the UK most Foundation Course programmes are validated by universities or national education authorities, although the programme at the Malta College of Arts and Technology is validated by Edexcel and the Foundation Course in Cyprus at the Cyprus College of Art is validated by the British education agency ASET (education).