Fort Knox (Maine)

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This article is about the Civil War fort in Maine, United States. For the US Army post, see Fort Knox. For the census-designated place, see Fort Knox, Kentucky.
Fort Knox
(U.S. National Historic Landmark)
Fort Knox, Maine painting by Seth Eastman done between 1870 and 1875
Fort Knox, Maine painting by Seth Eastman done between 1870 and 1875
Nearest city: Prospect, Maine
Area: 124 acres[1]
Built/Founded: 1844
Architect: Unknown
Architectural style(s): No Style Listed
Designated as NHL: December 30, 1970[2]
Added to NRHP: October 01, 1969[3]
NRHP Reference#: 69000023
Governing body: State (Maine Bureau of Parks and Lands)

Fort Knox, now Fort Knox State Park, in Maine was built from 1844-1869. It is located on the western bank of the Penobscot River in Prospect, Maine, about 5 miles from the mouth of the river. It was the first fort in Maine built of granite (instead of wood). It is named after Henry Knox, the first US Secretary of War, who at the end of his life lived not far away in Thomaston, Maine.

Construction began during a period of tension between the United Kingdom and the United States over issues about the Canadian border following the Aroostook War. The intent was to defend the Penobscot River and Bangor, Maine, a major source of shipbuilding lumber. Construction funding from Congress was intermittent, and the fort's design was never fully completed although nearly a million dollars were spent. Granite was quarried five miles upriver from Mount Waldo in Frankfort, Maine.

It had two batteries facing the river, each equipped with a hot shot furnace to heat cannon shots hot enough to set ships on fire. These became obsolete with the changeover from wooden ships to ironclads.

The fort was manned during the U. S. Civil War by volunteers from Maine (mostly recruits in training before assignment to active duty). At this time the bulk of the work on the fort, including adapting the batteries to use the recently invented Rodman cannon was finished under the supervision of Thomas Lincoln Casey. It was manned during the Spanish-American War by a regiment from Connecticut. The garrison was reduced to one upon their departure at the end of the war. The fort never saw battle. In 1923, the federal government declared the fort excess property and put its 125 acre grounds up for sale. It was bought by the state of Maine for $2,121. It is now a Maine state historic site and was declared a U.S. National Historic Landmark on December 30, 1970.[2][1]

Fort Knox also serves as the entry site for the Observation Tower of the Penobscot Narrows Bridge, which opened to the public on May 19, 2007.

[edit] Image gallery

Sally Port-entrance to the fort
Parade Ground, storage vault covers
Terreplein - never gunned
View of Bucksport
A passage between casemates
A medium sized (10 inch) Rodman cannon
Panorama of the fort entrance
View from Bucksport, Maine waterfront


[edit] References

  1. ^ a b Charles W. Snell (July 10, 1970), National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Fort Knox State Park / Fort KnoxPDF (32 KB), National Park Service  and Accompanying 12 photos, exterior and interior, from 1970PDF (32 KB)
  2. ^ a b Fort Knox. National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved on 2008-05-15.
  3. ^ National Register Information System. National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service (2007-01-23).

[edit] External links

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U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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