Formaldehyde transketolase

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In enzymology, a formaldehyde transketolase (EC 2.2.1.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

D-xylulose 5-phosphate + formaldehyde $\rightleftharpoons$ glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + glycerone

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are D-xylulose 5-phosphate and formaldehyde, whereas its two products are glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring aldehyde or ketonic groups (transaldolases and transketolases, respectively). The systematic name of this enzyme class is D-xylulose-5-phosphate:formaldehyde glycolaldehydetransferase. This enzyme is also called dihydroxyacetone synthase. This enzyme participates in methane metabolism. It employs one cofactor, thiamin diphosphate.

[edit] References

IUBMB entry for 2.2.1.3
BRENDA references for 2.2.1.3 (Recommended.)
PubMed references for 2.2.1.3
PubMed Central references for 2.2.1.3
Google Scholar references for 2.2.1.3
Bystrykh LV, Sokolov AP, Trotsenko IuA (1981). "[Separation of transketolase and dihydroxyacetone synthase from methylotrophic yeasts]". Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR. 258: 499–501. PMID 7249920.
Kato N, Higuchi T, Sakazawa C, Nishizawa T, Tani Y, Yamada H (1982). "Purification and properties of a transketolase responsible for formaldehyde fixation in a methanol-utilizing yeast, candida boidinii (Kloeckera sp.) No. 2201". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 715: 143–50. PMID 7074134.
Waites MJ, Quayle JR (1981). "The interrelation transketolase and dihydroxyacetone synthase activities in the methylotrophic yeast Candida boidinii". J. Gen. Microbiol. 124: 309–16. PMID 6276498.