Flopped image

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A flopped image is a static or moving image that is generated by a mirror-reversal of an original across a vertical axis. Flopping can be used to improve the subjective aesthetic appeal of the image in question.

1 Use in advertising
2 Use in art
3 Other transforms
4 Image Flipping
5 References

[edit] Use in advertising

There are two main uses in advertising, one practical, and one subjective. On a practical level, images of cars are often flopped to ensure cars look appropriate for left-hand-drive or right-hand-drive markets. This allows the results of a single production shoot to be used across markets, allowing a cost saving. On a subjective level, the direction in which a person is looking or a car appears to be travelling may be regarded as important. When placing a picture on a page of text, it is usual for depictions of people to face into the text, rather than off the page; thus, when compositing a page, a picture may be flopped so it may be placed either side of a column of text.

[edit] Use in art

Cultural considerations come into play - a picture of a person eating with their left hand may be flopped for publication in a Muslim publication, due to the strong taboo against eating with the left hand in Muslim society. Similarly, Vincent van Gogh took the trouble to etch some of his originals in mirror-reversed form so that when printed, people in the image would appear, correctly, as right-handed.

An example of flopping is the use of Joseph Edward Southall's painting 'Fishermen and Boat' as part of the art associated with Kate Bush's album Aerial. The picture is flopped, and the name 'AERIAL' added to the boat.

[edit] Other transforms

Flopping can be regarded as a basic image transform, along with flipped image (a mirror image across a horizontal axis) and cropping, all of which can easily be done physically with a photographic negative in a darkroom. More sophisticated transforms are usually achieved via digital image manipulation.

[edit] Image Flipping

Billy the Kid. (Flopped ferrotype photo)

Before digital film editing, a common movie blooper was a flopped image, usually and erroneously called "flipped images". Flopped images were common because they are hard to see without extensive searching, whereas flipped images are very obvious. Examples of these can be found on several movie blooper sites.

One of the most famous flopped images is this picture of Billy the Kid carrying a Model 1873 Winchester rifle and a pistol belt with the pistol on his left. This led people to believe he was left-handed, but it was later revealed to be a flopped image due to the ejection port on the Winchester being on the wrong side.