User:Finell/My Sandbox

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Contents

[edit] Golden ratio and related articles

[edit] Introduction

Elements.[1]

Livio..[2]

[edit] History

An original entry was based on the Rouse History of Mathematics

[edit] Geometry

http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Dodecahedron: DODECAHEDRON (Gr. SccSerca, twelve, and Spa, a face or base), in geometry, a solid enclosed by twelve plane faces. The "ordinary dodecahedron" is one of the Platonic solids (see Polyhedron). The Greeks discovered that if a line be divided in extreme and mean proportion, then the whole line and the greater segment are the lengths of the edge of a cube and dodecahedron inscriptible in the same sphere. The "small stellated dodecahedron," the "great dodecahedron" and the "great stellated dodecahedron" are Kepler-Poinsot solids; and the "truncated" and "snub dodecahedra" are Archimedean solids (see Polyhedron). In crystallography, the regular or ordinary dodecahedron is an impossible form since the faces cut the axes in irrational ratios; the "pentagonal dodecahedron" of crystallographers has irregular pentagons for faces, while the geometrical solid, on the other hand, has regular ones. The "rhombic dodecahedron," one of the geometrical semiregular solids, is an important crystal form. Many other dodecahedra exist as crystal forms, for which see Crystallography.

[edit] Aesthetics

This section would benefit from more references, preferably from books on art and design rather than books on the golden ratio, many of which have a promoting or debunking POV.


[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Euclid, Elements, Book 6, Definition 3
  2. ^ Livio, Mario (2002). The Golden Ratio: The Story of Phi, The World's Most Astonishing Number. New York: Broadway Books, p. 6. ISBN 0-7679-0815-5. 


[edit] Research notes

Paulos, John Allen. Beyond Numeracy. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 98–101. ISBN 0-394-58640-9. 

"Not surprisingly, the Parthenon in Athens can be framed by a golden rectangle, as can many of the smaller areas within it. Much other Greek art madu use of the proportions of the golden rectangle, as have subsequent works from da Vinci to Mondrian and Le Corbusier." p. 99

"The golden rectangle and the static harmony it exemplifies is typical of classic Greek geometry ...." p. 101

Devlin, Keith (1994). Mathematics: The Science of Patterns. New York: Scientific American Library. ISBN 0-7167-5047-3. 

"Mathematical patterns sometimes reflect visual patterns that the human eye finds particularly aesthetic. One famous example of such mathematical pattern is the golden ratio. p. 108

"According to the Greeks, the golden ratio is the ideal proportion for the sides of a rectangle that the eye finds most pleasing. The rectangular face of the front of the Parthenon has sides whose ratio is in this proportion, and it may be observed elsewhere in Greek architecture." p. 108

Penrose discovered his tiling in 1974. p. 167 Dimensions are ratios of 1/φ, 1, and φ. pp. 167–69. Penrose tiling has local 5-fold symmetry, but the infinate tiling of the plane does not. p. 169.

Quasicrystal alloy Al5.1Li3Cu has 5-fold symmetry in the 5 rhombic facesthat meet at a single point, forming a starlike shape. Likewise, quasicrystal material Al65Co20Cu15 has local 5-fold symmetry. p. 169.



. 

[edit] References

Excellent bibliography here: http://www.research.att.com/~njas/sequences/A001622

Euclid [c. 300 BC] (David E. Joyce, ed. 1997). Elements. Retrieved on 2006-08-30.  Citations in the text are to this online edition.

Hemenway, Priya (2005). Divine Proportion: Phi In Art, Nature, and Science. New York: Sterling. ISBN 1-4027-3522-7. 


Heath, Thomas L. (1956). The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements (3 vols.), 2nd ed. [Facsimile. Originally published: Cambridge University Press, 1925], New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-60088-2 (v. 1), ISBN 0-486-60089-0 (v. 2), ISBN 0-486-60090-4 (v. 3). 


Heath, Thomas L. (1981). A History of Greek Mathematics (2 vols.), [Reprint. Originally published: Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1921], New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-24073-8 (v. 1), ISBN 0-486-24074-6 (v. 2). 

. 

. 

To order from library

Cook, Theodore Andrea [1914] (1979). The Curves of Life. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0-48623-701-X. 

Heath, Thomas L. (1981). A History of Greek Mathematics (2 vols.), [Reprint. Originally published: Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1921], New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-24073-8 (v. 1), ISBN 0-486-24074-6 (v. 2). 

PADOVAN, RICHARD. 1999. Padovan: Proportion, Science, Philosophy, Architecture. London: E & F Spon; USA and Canada: Routledge.

HAMBIDGE, JAY. 1926. The Elements of Dynamic Symmetry. Rpt. 1953, New York: Dover.


"" . 


[edit] Pearl Drums

Cook, Theodore Andrea [1914] (1979). The Curves of Life. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0-48623-701-X. 

Pearl Drums positions the air vents on its Masters Premium models based on the golden ratio. The company claims that this arrangement improves bass response and has applied for a patent on this design.[1]

[edit] Further reading

  • Doczi, György [1981] (2005). The Power of Limits: Proportional Harmonies in Nature, Art, and Architecture. Boston: Shambhala Publications. ISBN 1-590-30259-1. 
  • Euclid [c. 300 BC] (David E. Joyce, ed. 1997). Elements. Retrieved on 2006-08-30.  Citations in the text are to this online edition.
  • Ghyka, Matila [1946] (1977). The Geometry of Art and Life, reprint of 1946 ed., slightly corrected, New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-23542-4. 
  • Huntley, H. E. (1970). The Divine Proportion: A Study in Mathematical Proportion. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-22254-3. 
  • Joseph, George G. [1991] (2000). The Crest of the Peacock: The Non-European Roots of Mathematics, New ed., Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00659-8. 
  • Plato (360 BC) (Benjamin Jowett trans.). Timaeus. The Internet Classics Archive. Retrieved on May 30, 2006.
  • Schneider, Michael S. (1994). A Beginner's Guide to Constructing the Universe: The Mathematical Archetypes of Nature, Art, and Science. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 0-060-16939-7. 
  • Walser, Hans [Der Goldene Schnitt 1993] (2001). The Golden Section, Peter Hilton trans., Washington, DC: The Mathematical Association of America. ISBN 0-88385-534-8. 

[edit] Euclid

Mathematician and historian W. W. Rouse Ball remarked that despite the criticisms, "the fact that for two thousand years it was the usual text-book on the subject raises a strong presumption that it is not unsuitable for that purpose."[2]


Euclid [c. 300 BC] (David E. Joyce, ed. 1997). Elements. Retrieved on 2006-08-30.  Citations in the text are to this online edition.


Heath, Thomas L. (1956). The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements (3 vols.), 2nd ed. [Facsimile. Original publication: Cambridge University Press, 1925], New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-60088-2 (vol. 1), ISBN 0-486-60089-0 (vol. 2), ISBN 0-486-60090-4 (vol. 3).  Heath's translation of the text plus extensive historical research and detailed commentary throughout the text.


Heath, Thomas L. (1981). A History of Greek Mathematics (2 vols.), [Reprint. Original publication: Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1921], New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-24073-8 (vol. 1), ISBN 0-486-24074-6 (vol. 2). 



Ball, W.W. Rouse (1960). A Short Account of the History of Mathematics, 4th ed. [Reprint. Original publication: London: Macmillan & Co., 1908], New York: Dover Publications, 50–62. ISBN 0-486-20630-0. 

. 

. 

Notes
  1. ^ Pearl Masters Premium. Pearl Corporation. Retrieved on Dec. 2, 2007.
  2. ^ Ball, W.W. Rouse (1960). A Short Account of the History of Mathematics, 4th ed. [Reprint. Original publication: London: Macmillan & Co., 1908], New York: Dover Publications, 50–62. ISBN 0-486-20630-0. 

[edit] Mark Barr

Cook, Theodore Andrea (1979). The Curves of Life. New York: Dover Publications, 420. ISBN 0-48623-701-X. 

. 

. 

[edit] Luca Pacioli

[edit] Nicolaus Copernicus

Nationality Polish:

While the Catholic Encyclopedia does not attribute a nationality[1], Encyclopædia Britannica[2] and Microsoft Encarta[3] introduce him as "Polish astronomer", while refering to the cities of his life by their German names, not the Polish ones.


. 

Gassendi, Pierre, and Oliver Thill (2002). The Life of Copernicus (1473-1543). Fairfax, VA: Xulon Press. ISBN 1-59160-193-2. 

[edit] Theremin

Strauss, D. (June 1, 2006). "Clara Rockmore". Retrieved on 2006-10-19.

  • Glinsky, Albert (2000). Theremin: Ether Music and Espionage. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0-252-02582-2. 
  • Olsen, William (Director). (1995). Mastering the Theremin [Videotape (VHS)]. Moog Music and Little Big Films.
  • Martin, Steven M. (Director). (1995). Theremin: An Electronic Odyssey [Film and DVD]. MGM.
  • Moog, Robert (Producer). (1998). Clara Rockmore: The Greatest Theremin Virtuosa [Videotape (VHS)]. Moog Music and Little Big Films.

[edit] Manchester

Manchester, William (1992). A world lit only by fire : the medieval mind and the Renaissance : portrait of an age. Boston: Little, Brown. ISBN 0316545317. 

Magellan: pp. 223-292

Subjects: Renaissance.

Learning and scholarship--History--Medieval, 500-1500.


[edit] Lavoisier

Lavoisier first established the law of conservation of mass.[4]

  1. ^ Catholic Encyclopedia: In 1497 Nicolaus was enrolled in the University of Bologna as of German nationality and a student in canon law. [1]
  2. ^ "Copernicus, Nicolaus". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. (2007). Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved on 2007-09-21. 
  3. ^ "Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer". Encyclopædia Encarta Online. (2007). Encyclopædia Encarta. Retrieved on 2007-09-21. 
  4. ^ Schwinger, Julian (1986). Einstein's Legacy. New York: Scientific American Library, p. 93. ISBN 0-7167-5011-2. 

[edit] Priestley

McEvoy, John G. "Priestley Responds to Lavoisier's Nomenclature: Language, Liberty, and Chemistry in the English Enlightenment". Lavoisier in European Context: Negotiating a New Language for Chemistry. Eds. Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent and Ferdinando Abbri. Canton, MA: Science History Publications, 1995. ISBN 088135189X.


For example, the 17th-century philospher Baruch Spinoza argued for absolute determinism and absolute materialism. [1]




[2] Like Spinoza[3] and Priestley,[4] Leibniz argued that human will was completely determined by natural laws;[5] however, unlike them, Leibniz argued for a "parallel universe" of immaterial objects (such as human souls) so arranged by God that its outcomes agree exactly with those of the material universe.[6] Leibniz[7] and Priestley[8] share an optimism that God has chosen the chain of events benevolently; however, Priestley believed that the events were leading to a glorious Millennial conclusion,[9] whereas for Leibniz the entire chain of events was optimal in and of itself, as when compared with other conceivable entire chains of events.[10]

  • Rutherford, Donald. Leibniz and the Rational Order of Nature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. ISBN 0521461553.
  1. ^ Nadler, Steven M. Spinoza's Ethics: An Introduction. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006: 84–87, 108–11, 143–49. ISBN 9780521836203. As an example, Proposition 48 of Spinoza's Ethics states: "In the mind there is no absolute or free will, but the mind is determined to this or that volition by a cause, which is also determined by another cause, and this again by another, and so on ad infinitum." Spinoza, Baruch. The Collected Works of Spinoza. Ed. & trans. Edwin Curley. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985: Vol. I, 483. ISBN 0691072221.
  2. ^ Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm. Confessio Philosphi: Papers Concerning the Problem of Evil, 1671-1678. Trans. Robert C. Sleigh, Jr. New Haven: Yale University Press 2004: xxxviii, 109. ISBN 9780300089585. The original Latin text and an English translation of Leibniz's A Philosopher's Creed can be found on the Latin and English Wikisources, respectively.
  3. ^ Stewart, Matthew. The Courtier and the Heretic: Leibniz, Spinoza, and the Fate of God in the Modern World. New York: W. W. Norton, 2006: 171. ISBN 0393058980.
  4. ^ McEvoy and McGuire, 341.
  5. ^ Adams, Robert Merrihew. Leibniz: Determinist, Theist, Idealist. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998: 10–13, 1–20, 41–44. ISBN 0195084608.
  6. ^ Rutherford, 213–18.
  7. ^ Rutherford, 46.
  8. ^ Schofield (2004), 78-79.
  9. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Tap314
  10. ^ Rutherford, 12-15, 22-45, 49-54.

[edit] MOS conflict

[edit] Tools for Wikipedia

Wikipedia:Tools

Wikipedia template filling: Enter ISBN, URL, DrugBank ID, HGNC ID, PubMed ID, or PubChem ID to fill out an appropriate template that can be pasted into a Wikipedia article; links to an ISBN database.

ISBNdb.com -- unique book & ISBN database: ISBNdb.com project is a database of books in different languages providing on-line and remote research tools for individuals, librarians, scientists, etc. Taking data from hundreds of libraries across the world ISBNdb is a unique tool you won't find anywhere else. Please check the FAQ for more details. As an additional service we also provide book price comparison, one of the fastest on the net!

Toolserver Table of Contents

[edit] Magnus' toys

Magnus' toys can be discussed at Magnus' talk page

[edit] PrepBio

PrepBio can be used to prepare a biographical entry on en.wikipedia (templates, categories, formatting etc.). Get the source of this script. For more information, see PrepBio on meta.

[edit] Reference generator

Reference generator generates a reference (footnote) using the templates for citing news on the Web, a paper in a journal, or a Web site from a form. The following is an example journal cite:

Example.[1]

References
  1. ^ Smith, John; Mary Black, Joel Stein (1967-09-02). "Self-replication and scrapie" (PDF). Nature 215 (105): 1043-4. PMID 4964084 doi:10.1038/2151043a0. 
  • Asimov, Isaac [1964] (1975). Adding a Dimension. New York, NY: Avon Books. ISBN 0-380-00278-7. 

. 

[edit] Templates

[edit] Citation

See Wikipedia:Citation templates

[edit] Book

{{citebook |last= |first= |authorlink= |coauthors= |editor= |others= |title= |origdate= |origyear= |origmonth= |url= |format= |accessdate= |accessyear= |accessmonth= |edition= |date= |year= |month= |publisher= |location= |language= |id= |doi= |pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= }}

[edit] Journal

"" . 

[edit] Web

[#REQUIRED #REQUIRED].

[edit] Encyclopedia

. 

[edit] Software update history?

Is there a place on WP that announces updates to the software on which WP runs? Was there a recent change that adds more buttons above the edit box? Finell (Talk) 18:03, 26 September 2006 (UTC)

Per the second question: there was a recent change at MediaWiki:Monobook.js, which added buttons. --Ligulem 18:20, 26 September 2006 (UTC)
Thanks. I would still appreciate, from someone, knowing where one can go to see recent changes to the software. For example, a software rev in late 2005 clobbered my signature, which used the documented Signature box trick on my User profile page. It took me quite awhile to find out what happened. Thanks again. Finell (Talk) 19:27, 26 September 2006 (UTC)
You can see the recent changes to MediaWiki by looking at the release notes in subversion. The developers keep a pretty good track of what they've updated. Hope this is what you're looking for. Shardsofmetal [ Talk • Contribs ] 22:03, 26 September 2006 (UTC)
Special:Version, which also lists the revision number from SVN. SVN root is http://svn.wikimedia.org/svnroot/mediawiki/trunk/phase3 (browsing [2]). --Ligulem 22:13, 26 September 2006 (UTC)
That is what I was looking for. Thanks. Finell (Talk) 16:24, 27 September 2006 (UTC)