Ferroglobus

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Ferroglobus

Domain:	Archaea
Phylum:	Euryarchaeota
Class:	Archaeoglobi
Order:	Archaeoglobales
Family:	Archaeoglobaceae
Genus:	Ferroglobus

Species

F. placidus Hafenbradl et al., 1997
uncultured Ferroglobus sp.

Synonyms

Ferroglobus Hafenbradl et al. 1997

In taxonomy, Ferroglobus is a genus of the Archaeoglobaceae.^[1]

Ferroglobus is a hyperthermophilic genus phylogenetically located within the Euryarchaeota. It consists of one species, F. placidus, isolated from hydrothermal vent sediment off the coast of Italy. F. placidus grows best at 85°C and a neutral pH. It cannot grow at temperatures below 65°C or above 95°C. Cells possess an S-layer cell wall and flagella.

Metabolically, Ferroglobus is quite unique compared to its relative Archaeoglobus. F. placidus was the first hyperthermophile discovered to grow anaerobically by oxidizing aromatic compounds such as benzoate coupled to the reduction of ferric iron (Fe³⁺) to ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Hydrogen gas (H₂) and sulfide (H₂S) can also be used as energy sources. Due to its anaerobic lifestyle, nitrate (NO₃^-) is used as a terminal electron acceptor whereby it is converted to nitrite (NO₂^-). Thiosulfate (S₂O₃^2-) can also be used as a terminal electron acceptor. F. placidus was the first archaeon discovered that can anaerobically oxidize iron coupled to the reduction of nitrate. It is thought that the presence of organisms similar to F. placidus in the ancient, anoxic Earth may have led to the formation of banded iron formations often found in ancient rocks.

1 References
2 Further reading
3 External links

[edit] References

^ See the NCBI webpage on Ferroglobus. Data extracted from the NCBI taxonomy resources. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved on 2007-03-19.

Hafenbradl, D., Keller, M., Dirmeier, R., Rachel, R., Roßnagel, P., Burggraf, S., Huber, H. and Stetter, K.O. (1996). "Ferroglobus placidus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel hyperthermophilic archaeum that oxidizes Fe²⁺ at neutral pH under anoxic conditions". Archives of Microbiology 166: 308-314. PMID 8929276.

Madigan, M.T. and Martinko, J.M. (2005). Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 11th Ed.. Pearson Prentice Hall.

Tor, J.M., Kashefi, K., and Lovley, D.R. (2001). "Acetate oxidation coupled to Fe(III) reduction in hyperthermophilic microorganisms". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67: 1363-1365. doi:10.1128/AEM.67.3.1363-1365.2001.

Tor, J.M., and Lovley, D.R. (2001). "Anaerobic degradation of aromatic compounds coupled to Fe(III) reduction by Ferroglobus placidus". Environmental Microbiology 3: 281-287. doi:10.1046/j.1462-2920.2001.00192.x.

[edit] Further reading

[edit] Scientific journals

Hafenbradl, D., Keller, M., Dirmeier, R., Rachel, R., Roßnagel, P., Burggraf, S., Huber, H. and Stetter, K.O. (1996). "Ferroglobus placidus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel hyperthermophilic archaeum that oxidizes Fe²⁺ at neutral pH under anoxic conditions". Archives of Microbiology 166: 308-314. PMID 8929276.

[edit] Scientific books

Huber H, Stetter KO (2001). "Family I. Archaeoglobaceae fam. nov. Stetter 1989, 2216", in DR Boone and RW Castenholz, eds.: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria, 2nd ed., New York: Springer Verlag, p. 169. ISBN 978-0387987712.

Stetter, KO (1989). "Group II. Archaeobacterial sulfate reducers. Order Archaeoglobales", in JT Staley, MP Bryant, N Pfennig, and JG Holt, eds.: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3, 1st ed., Baltimore: The Williams & Wilkins Co., p. 169.