User:Femto/elements e4

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Contents

[edit] scandium

21 calciumscandiumtitanium
-

Sc

Y
General
Name, Symbol, Number scandium, Sc, 21
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 3, 4, d
Appearance silvery white
Standard atomic weight 44.955910(8)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Ar] 3d1 4s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 2.985  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 2.80  g·cm−3
Melting point 1814 K
(1541 °C, 2806 °F)
Boiling point 3109 K
(2836 °C, 5136 °F)
Heat of fusion 14.1  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 332.7  kJ·mol−1
Specific heat capacity (25 °C) 25.52  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 1645 1804 (2006) (2266) (2613) (3101)
Atomic properties
Crystal structure hexagonal
Oxidation states 3
(weakly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.36 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  633.1  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1235.0  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  2388.6  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 160pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 184  pm
Covalent radius 144  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering  ???
Electrical resistivity (r.t.) (α, poly)
calc. 562 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 15.8  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (r.t.) (α, poly)
10.2 µm/(m·K)
Young's modulus 74.4  GPa
Shear modulus 29.1  GPa
Bulk modulus 56.6  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.279
Brinell hardness 750  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-20-2
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e4
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
45Sc 100% 45Sc is stable with 24 neutrons
46Sc syn 83.79 days β- 2.367 46Ti
References


[edit] titanium

22 scandiumtitaniumvanadium
-

Ti

Zr
General
Name, Symbol, Number titanium, Ti, 22
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 4, 4, d
Appearance silvery metallic
Standard atomic weight 47.867(1)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Ar] 3d2 4s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 10, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 4.506  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 4.11  g·cm−3
Melting point 1941 K
(1668 °C, 3034 °F)
Boiling point 3560 K
(3287 °C, 5949 °F)
Heat of fusion 14.15  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 425  kJ·mol−1
Specific heat capacity (25 °C) 25.060  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 1982 2171 (2403) 2692 3064 3558
Atomic properties
Crystal structure hexagonal
Oxidation states 4
(amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity 1.54 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  658.8  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1309.8  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  2652.5  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 140pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 176  pm
Covalent radius 136  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering  ???
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 0.420 µ Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 21.9  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 8.6  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (r.t.) 5090  m·s−1
Young's modulus 116  GPa
Shear modulus 44  GPa
Bulk modulus 110  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.32
Mohs hardness 6.0
Vickers hardness 970  MPa
Brinell hardness 716  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-32-6
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e4
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
44Ti syn 63 y ε 0.268 44Sc
46Ti 8.0% 46Ti is stable with 24 neutrons
47Ti 7.3% 47Ti is stable with 25 neutrons
48Ti 73.8% 48Ti is stable with 26 neutrons
49Ti 5.5% 49Ti is stable with 27 neutrons
50Ti 5.4% 50Ti is stable with 28 neutrons
References


[edit] vanadium

23 titaniumvanadiumchromium
-

V

Nb
General
Name, Symbol, Number vanadium, V, 23
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 5, 4, d
Appearance silvery gray metallic
Standard atomic weight 50.9415(1)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Ar] 3d3 4s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 11, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 6.0  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 5.5  g·cm−3
Melting point 2183 K
(1910 °C, 3470 °F)
Boiling point 3680 K
(3407 °C, 6165 °F)
Heat of fusion 21.5  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 459  kJ·mol−1
Specific heat capacity (25 °C) 24.89  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 2101 2289 2523 2814 3187 3679
Atomic properties
Crystal structure cubic body centered
Oxidation states 5, 3
(amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity 1.63 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  650.9  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1414  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  2830  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 135pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 171  pm
Covalent radius 125  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering  ???
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 197 n Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 30.7  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 8.4  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 4560 m/s
Young's modulus 128  GPa
Shear modulus 47  GPa
Bulk modulus 160  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.37
Mohs hardness 7.0
Vickers hardness 628  MPa
Brinell hardness 628  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-62-2
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e4
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
48V syn 15.9735 days ε 4.012 48Ti
49V syn 330 days ε 0.602 49Ti
50V syn 1.4E17 y ε 2.208 50Ti
50V syn 1.4E17 y β 1.037 50Cr
51V 100% 51V is stable with 28 neutrons
References


[edit] chromium

24 vanadiumchromiummanganese
-

Cr

Mo
General
Name, Symbol, Number chromium, Cr, 24
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 6, 4, d
Appearance silvery metallic
Standard atomic weight 51.9961(6)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Ar] 3d5 4s1
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 13, 1
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 7.15  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 6.3  g·cm−3
Melting point 2180 K
(1907 °C, 3465 °F)
Boiling point 2944 K
(2671 °C, 4840 °F)
Heat of fusion 21.0  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 339.5  kJ·mol−1
Specific heat capacity (25 °C) 23.35  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 1656 1807 1991 2223 2530 2942
Atomic properties
Crystal structure cubic body centered
Oxidation states 6, 3, 2
(strongly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.66 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  652.9  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1590.6  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  2987  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 140pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 166  pm
Covalent radius 127  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering  ???
Magnetic ordering AFM (rather: SDW)
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 125 n Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 93.9  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 4.9  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 5940 m/s
Young's modulus 279  GPa
Shear modulus 115  GPa
Bulk modulus 160  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.21
Mohs hardness 8.5
Vickers hardness 1060  MPa
Brinell hardness 1120  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-47-3
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e4
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
50Cr syn > 1.8 E17 y ε  ? 50Ti
51Cr syn 27.7025 d ε 0.753 51V
52Cr 83.789% 52Cr is stable with 28 neutrons
53Cr 9.501% 53Cr is stable with 29 neutrons
54Cr 2.365% 54Cr is stable with 30 neutrons
References


[edit] manganese

25 chromiummanganeseiron
-

Mn

Tc
General
Name, Symbol, Number manganese, Mn, 25
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 7, 4, d
Appearance silvery metallic
Standard atomic weight 54.938049(9)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Ar] 3d5 4s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 13, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 7.21  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 5.95  g·cm−3
Melting point 1519 K
(1246 °C, 2275 °F)
Boiling point 2334 K
(2061 °C, 3742 °F)
Heat of fusion 12.91  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 221  kJ·mol−1
Specific heat capacity (25 °C) 26.32  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 1228 1347 1493 1691 1955 2333
Atomic properties
Crystal structure cubic body centered
Oxidation states 7, 6, 4, 2, 3
(strongly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.55 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  717.3  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1509.0  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  3248  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 140pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 161  pm
Covalent radius 139  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering nonmagnetic
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 1.44 µ Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 7.81  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 21.7  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 5150 m/s
Young's modulus 198  GPa
Bulk modulus 120  GPa
Mohs hardness 6.0
Brinell hardness 196  MPa
CAS registry number 7439-96-5
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e4
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
52Mn syn 5.591 d ε 4.712 52Cr
53Mn syn 3.74 million years ε 0.597 53Cr
54Mn syn 312.3 d ε 1.377 54Cr
54Mn syn 312.3 d β- 0.697 54Fe
55Mn 100% 55Mn is stable with 30 neutrons
References


[edit] iron

26 manganeseironcobalt
-

Fe

Ru
General
Name, Symbol, Number iron, Fe, 26
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 8, 4, d
Appearance lustrous metallic
with a grayish tinge
Standard atomic weight 55.845(2)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Ar] 3d6 4s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 14, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 7.86  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 6.98  g·cm−3
Melting point 1811 K
(1538 °C, 2800 °F)
Boiling point 3134 K
(2861 °C, 5182 °F)
Heat of fusion 13.81  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 340  kJ·mol−1
Specific heat capacity (25 °C) 25.10  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 1728 1890 2091 2346 2679 3132
Atomic properties
Crystal structure cubic body centered
Oxidation states 2, 3, 4, 6
(amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity 1.83 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  762.5  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1561.9  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  2957  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 140pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 156  pm
Covalent radius 125  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering ferromagnetic
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 96.1 n Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 80.4  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 11.8  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (r.t.) (electrolytic)
5120  m·s−1
Young's modulus 211  GPa
Shear modulus 82  GPa
Bulk modulus 170  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.29
Mohs hardness 4.0
Vickers hardness 608  MPa
Brinell hardness 490  MPa
CAS registry number 7439-89-6
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e4
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
54Fe 5.8% 54Fe is stable with 28 neutrons
55Fe syn 2.73 y ε capture 0.231 55Mn
56Fe 91.72% 56Fe is stable with 30 neutrons
57Fe 2.2% 57Fe is stable with 31 neutrons
58Fe 0.28% 58Fe is stable with 32 neutrons
59Fe syn 44.503 d β 1.565 59Co
60Fe syn 1.5E6 y β- 3.978 60Co
References


[edit] cobalt

27 ironcobaltnickel
-

Co

Rh
General
Name, Symbol, Number cobalt, Co, 27
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 9, 4, d
Appearance metallic with gray tinge
Standard atomic weight 58.933200(9)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Ar] 3d7 4s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 15, 2
Physical properties
Density (near r.t.) 8.90  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 7.75  g·cm−3
Melting point 1768 K
(1495 °C, 2723 °F)
Boiling point 3200 K
(2927 °C, 5301 °F)
Heat of fusion 16.06  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 377  kJ·mol−1
Specific heat capacity (25 °C) 24.81  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 1790 1960 2165 2423 2755 3198
Atomic properties
Crystal structure hexagonal
Oxidation states 2, 3
(amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity 1.88 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  760.4  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1648  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  3232  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 135pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 152  pm
Covalent radius 126  pm
Miscellaneous
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 62.4 n Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 100  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 13.0  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 4720 m/s
Young's modulus 209  GPa
Shear modulus 75  GPa
Bulk modulus 180  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.31
Mohs hardness 5.0
Vickers hardness 1043  MPa
Brinell hardness 700  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-48-4
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e4
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
56Co syn 77.27 d ε 4.566 56Fe
57Co syn 271.79 d ε 0.836 57Fe
58Co syn 70.86 d ε 2.307 58Fe
59Co 100% 59Co is stable with 32 neutrons
60 syn 5.2714 years β- 2.824 60Ni
References


[edit] nickel

28 cobaltnickelcopper
-

Ni

Pd
General
Name, Symbol, Number nickel, Ni, 28
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 10, 4, d
Appearance lustrous, metallic
Standard atomic weight 58.6934(2)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Ar] 3d8 4s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 16, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 8.908  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 7.81  g·cm−3
Melting point 1728 K
(1455 °C, 2651 °F)
Boiling point 3186 K
(2913 °C, 5275 °F)
Heat of fusion 17.48  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 377.5  kJ·mol−1
Specific heat capacity (25 °C) 26.07  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 1783 1950 2154 2410 2741 3184
Atomic properties
Crystal structure cubic face centered
Oxidation states 2, 3
(mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.91 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  737.1  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1753.0  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  3395  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 135pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 149  pm
Covalent radius 121  pm
Van der Waals radius 163 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering ferromagnetic
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 69.3 n Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 90.9  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 13.4  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (r.t.) 4900  m·s−1
Young's modulus 200  GPa
Shear modulus 76  GPa
Bulk modulus 180  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.31
Mohs hardness 4.0
Vickers hardness 638  MPa
Brinell hardness 700  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-02-0
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e4
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
56Ni syn 6.077 d ε  ? 56Co
56Ni syn 6.077 d γ 0.158, 0.811 ??
58Ni 68.077% 58Ni is stable with 30 neutrons
59Ni syn 76000 y ε  ? 59Co
60Ni 26.233% 60Ni is stable with 32 neutrons
61Ni 1.14% 61Ni is stable with 33 neutrons
62Ni 3.634% 62Ni is stable with 34 neutrons
63Ni syn 100.1 y β- 0.0669 63Cu
64Ni 0.926% 64Ni is stable with 36 neutrons
64Ni 0.926% 64Ni is stable with 36 neutrons
References


[edit] copper

29 nickelcopperzinc
-

Cu

Ag
General
Name, Symbol, Number copper, Cu, 29
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 11, 4, d
Appearance copper, metallic
Standard atomic weight 63.546(3)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Ar] 3d10 4s1
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 1
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 8.96  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 8.02  g·cm−3
Melting point 1357.77 K
(1084.62 °C, 1984.32 °F)
Boiling point 2835 K
(2562 °C, 4643 °F)
Heat of fusion 13.26  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 300.4  kJ·mol−1
Specific heat capacity (25 °C) 24.440  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 1509 1661 1850 2089 2404 2836
Atomic properties
Crystal structure cubic face centered
Oxidation states 2, 1
(mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.90 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  745.5  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1957.9  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  3555  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 135pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 145  pm
Covalent radius 138  pm
Van der Waals radius 140 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering diamagnetic
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 16.78 n Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 401  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 16.5  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (r.t.) (annealed)
3810  m·s−1
Young's modulus 130  GPa
Shear modulus 48  GPa
Bulk modulus 140  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.34
Mohs hardness 3.0
Vickers hardness 369  MPa
Brinell hardness 874  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-50-8
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e4
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
63Cu 69.17% 63Cu is stable with 34 neutrons
65Cu 30.83% 65Cu is stable with 36 neutrons
References


[edit] zinc

30 copperzincgallium
-

Zn

Cd
General
Name, Symbol, Number zinc, Zn, 30
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 12, 4, d
Appearance bluish pale gray
Standard atomic weight 65.409(4)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Ar] 3d10 4s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 7.14  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 6.57  g·cm−3
Melting point 692.68 K
(419.53 °C, 787.15 °F)
Boiling point 1180 K
(907 °C, 1665 °F)
Heat of fusion 7.32  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 123.6  kJ·mol−1
Specific heat capacity (25 °C) 25.390  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 610 670 750 852 990 (1185)
Atomic properties
Crystal structure hexagonal
Oxidation states 2
(amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity 1.65 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  906.4  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1733.3  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  3833  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 135pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 142  pm
Covalent radius 131  pm
Van der Waals radius 139 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering diamagnetic
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 59.0 n Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 116  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 30.2  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (r.t.) (rolled) 3850  m·s−1
Young's modulus 108  GPa
Shear modulus 43  GPa
Bulk modulus 70  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.25
Mohs hardness 2.5
Brinell hardness 412  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-66-6
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e4
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
64Zn 48.6% 64Zn is stable with 34 neutrons
65Zn syn 244.26 d ε  ? 65Cu
65Zn syn 244.26 d γ 1.1155 ??
66Zn 27.9% 66Zn is stable with 36 neutrons
67Zn 4.1% 67Zn is stable with 37 neutrons
68Zn 18.8% 68Zn is stable with 38 neutrons
70Zn 0.6% 70Zn is stable with 40 neutrons
References