Feather River
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- This article treats the river in California. For other uses see Feather River (disambiguation)
The Feather River is a principal tributary of the Sacramento River, 170 miles (270 km) in length, in Northern California in the United States. It drains part of the northern Sierra Nevada and a small portion of the middle of the Sacramento Valley. The river has a rich history of gold mining in the 19th century. It provides water to central and southern California as being the main source of water for the California State Water Project.
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[edit] Description
The river rises in three separate forks in the Sierra Nevada which unite as arms of the Lake Oroville reservoir in the foothills 5 mi (8 km) northeast of Oroville in eastern Butte County. The combined stream flows generally south across the Sacramento Valley, east of the Sutter Buttes, past Oroville and Yuba City-Marysville and joining the Sacramento River from the north approximately 20 mi (30 km) NNW of Sacramento.
It receives the Yuba River from the east at Yuba City and the Bear River from the east 15 mi (25 km) south of Yuba City.
[edit] North Fork
The North Fork rises in Cold Boiling Lake and Rice Creek in Lassen Volcanic National Park, and Buzzard Springs to the south of the Park. It flows southeast through the Lake Almanor reservoir, then southwest through the Sierra Nevada, receiving the East Branch North Fork from the east near Belden. It flows southeast into Butte County, becoming the northern arm of Lake Oroville.
[edit] East Branch North Fork
The East Branch North Fork has it headwaters in eastern Plumas County, south of Honey Lake, as Last Chance Creek. The creek flows westward through the Plumas National Forest, through Indian Valley, becoming Indian Creek and the East Branch North Fork. It flows east past Twain and joins the North Fork near Belden.
[edit] Middle Fork
The Middle Fork rises in southeastern Plumas County in the Sierra Valley southeast of Beckwourth, combining the short North Branch and the Sierra Branch.in an inverted delta. It flows generally northwest through the Sierra Nevada, past Blairsden, then WSW through the Plumas National Forest to become the middle arm of Lake Oroville. Before construction of the Oroville Dam, it joined the South Fork approximately 1 mi (2 km) from the confluence of the North and South forks.
[edit] South Fork
The South Fork rises in the mountains along the Plumas-Sierra county line and flows west southwest, becoming the south arm of Lake Oroville. It formerly received the Middle Fork approximately 1 mile (2 km) upstream from its confluence with the North Fork.
[edit] The Feather River Route
The Western Pacific Railroad operated a railroad through the Feather River canyon. This route was selected because it leads to a low pass over the Sierra Nevada mountains. The Western Pacific California Zephyr trains used this route and had a feather in their logo to represent the river.
[edit] Ecology
The riparian area of the Feather River supports a rich biodiversity of native flora and fauna. The Sierra Nevada reaches have considerable wild river features and steep gradients. In lower reaches, after joining of the forks, there is also significant habitat; near Yuba City, for example, there are extents of the river with numerous valley oak trees with understory of wild grape.
