Farouk Kaddoumi
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Farouk al-Kaddoumi (Alternative spelling, Faruq al-Qaddumi) (arabic:فاروق القدومي), also known as Abu al-Lutf, born in 1931. Secretary-general of Fatah's central committee and PLO's political department in Tunisia.
[edit] History
Farouk Kaddoumi was born in the town of Jinsafut near Nablus in the West Bank, later his family moved to Jaffa (South Tel Aviv) in present-day Israel. During the 1948 Arab-Israeli War they were expelled by Jewish militias and moved to Nablus in the West Bank. For three years in the early 1950s he worked in Saudi Arabia for Arab-American Petroleum Company (ARAMCO). In 1954 he moved to Egypt and while studying economy and political science at the Cairo University, he joined the Baath party.
In 1960 he joined Fatah in the United Arab Emirates. In 1965-66 he worked for the ministry of health of Kuwait but in 1966 was expelled from the country for anti-governmental activities connected with the PLO. By 1969 he became one of key figures in the PLO and after 1973 he headed its political department in Damascus, Syria.
In 1976, Arafat and Kaddoumi met with Meir Vilner and Tawfik Toubi, heads of Rakah (New Communist List), which had developed after the 1965 split in the Israeli Communist Party, and from which Hadash eventually developed. This meeting led to a close cooperation.
Kaddoumi participated in the activities of Said al-Muragha (Abu Musa) group, including the 1983 mutiny attempt against Yassir Arafat (see Fatah Uprising), but switched sides and was assigned to the Central Committee of Fatah. He has been living in Tunis since the early 1980s, where the PLO was based after it evacuated Lebanon. After the Oslo accords in 1993, which he opposed as a betrayal of the PLO's principles, he refused to move to the Palestinian territories with the rest of the leadership to set up the Palestinian National Authority (PNA). From exile, he continued to advocate a hardline stance towards Israel, refused cooperation with the PNA and repeatedly embarrassed the PLO during negotiations with Israel by making statements denying the Jewish state's right to exist. This led to him being sidelined in Palestinian politics for over a decade, as the center of power moved to Gaza and then Ramallah.
[edit] PLO power struggle
Upon Arafat's death, Farouk Kaddoumi constitutionally succeeded him to the position of Fatah chairman. No new elections have been held since, and so he still occupies the post. Finding himself once again in a position of power, he began wrestling for control of the ideologically diverse movement, and of the PLO, pitted against PLO chairman and PNA president Mahmoud Abbas. Mud-slinging between the factions has been intense, with Kaddoumi trying to claim primacy for the PLO (which formally delegates power to the PNA). Among other things, Kaddoumi has denied that the PNA has a right to call its government members "ministers" or open embassies abroad. He also campaigns to come across as defender of the PLO vs. the PNA, and as a spokesman for the refugees, who like him remain in exile; both subjects stirring powerful sentiments in the Palestinian movement.
While most of the struggle has been carried out behind the scenes, the Palestinian Authority recently suppressed an attempt from Kaddoumi to organize an armed militia outside of the Authority's control in the Gaza strip. Kaddoumi responded by issuing a decree to expel all Fatah members who cooperated with the PNA, but this was declared unlawful by Fatah's central committee, as was Kaddoumis way of styling himself "president of the movement".
As head of the PLO's political department, Kaddoumi is the top responsible for foreign representation, but it is widely expected that PLO embassies will be reorganized by Abbas to remove Kaddoumi loyalists. In the meantime, Abbas has redirected foreign contacts to pass through the PNA's international cooperation minister Nabil Shaath, which has infuriated Kaddoumi.
While Abbas is undoubtedly the stronger part in this power struggle, the Abbas faction reportedly worry that Kaddoumi's militant attitude will eventually win over radical segments of the Fatah, or that he will ally with hardline forces outside the movement, such as the Hamas. Kaddoumi has repeatedly made official visits to the Asad regime in Damascus, where he was presented as representing the Palestinian movement in the Syrian press.
