Farnesyl pyrophosphate

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Farnesyl pyrophosphate
Identifiers
CAS number	[13058-04-3]
PubChem	706
MeSH	farnesyl+pyrophosphate
Properties
Molecular formula	C15H28O7P2
Molar mass	382.326
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) is an intermediate in the HMG-CoA reductase pathway used by organisms in the biosynthesis of terpenes and terpenoids.

It is the immediate precursor of squalene (via the enzyme squalene synthase), dehydrodolichol diphosphate (a precursor of dolichol), and geranylgeranyl pyrophoshate (GGPP).

[edit] Biosynthesis

Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (a prenyl transferase) catalyzes sequential condensation reactions of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate with 2 units of 3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate to form farnesyl pyrophosphate.

• Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate reacts with 3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate to form geranyl pyrophosphate:

• Geranyl pyrophosphate itself reacts with 3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate to form farnesyl pyrophosphate

[edit] Regulation

The above reactions are inhibited by bisphosphonates (used for osteoporosis).

[edit] Related compounds

• Farnesene
• Farnesol

v • d • e Cholesterol metabolic intermediates to HMG-CoA Acetyl-CoA - Acetoacetyl-CoA - HMG-CoA to Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate Mevalonic acid - Phosphomevalonic acid - 5-Diphosphomevalonic acid - Isopentenyl pyrophosphate - Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate Geranyl- Geranyl pyrophosphate - Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate To Cholesterol Farnesyl pyrophosphate - Squalene - 2,3-Oxidosqualene - Lanosterol see also enzymes