Fariduddin Ganjshakar
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Hazrat Baba Fariduddin Masood Ganjshakar (Punjabi: حضرت بابا فرید الدّین مسعود گنج شکر, ਫ਼ਰੀਦ-ਉਦ-ਦੀਨ ਗੰਜਸ਼ਕਰ) (born in 1173 died in 1266)[1] commonly known as Baba Farid (Punjabi: بابا فرید, ਬਾਬਾ ਫ਼ਰੀਦ) was a 12-th century Sufi preacher and saint of South Asia.[1] He is recognised as the first major poet of the Punjabi language. In addition Baba Farid is considered one of the holiest and pivotal saints of the Punjab region; today he is revered among both Muslims and Sikhs.
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[edit] His Ancestors
He was the grandson of Shaykh Shoaib who was the grandson of Farrukh Shah Kabuli, the king of Kabul and Ghazni, who was the grandson of Saint Ibrahim Bin Adham who was the descendant of Caliph Umar bin al-Khattab. Baba Farid was born around 1170 in Afghanistan. He was the descended of Farrukh Shah, King of Afghanistan and Ghazni. Baba Farid 's great grandfather was the son of Farrukh Shah Kabuli. He was killed alongwith most of his family members when the Mongol hordes invaded Kabul. Baba Farid’s grandfather Shaykh Shoaib left Afghanistan and settled in Punjab in 1125.[2]
- Umar Bin Khattab, second Caliph
- Abdullah Bin Umar
- Nasir
- Sulaiman
- Adham, King of Balkh and Bukhara
- Ibrahim Bin Adham aka Abou Ben Adham
- Ishaq
- Abul Fatah
- Abdullah Waa'iz Kobra
- Abdullah Waa'iz Soghra
- Masood
- Sulaiman
- Ishaq
- Mohammad
- Naseeruddin
- Farrukh Shah Kabuli, King of Afghanistan
- Shahabuddin Kabuli
- Mohammed
- Yousuf
- Ahmed, died fighting Hulagu Khan
- Shoaib
- Jamaluddin Sulaiman
- Baba Fareed
[edit] His Life
Baba Fareed was born in 1188 or 1173 CE (584 Hijri) at Kothewal village of Multan in the Punjab region of Pakistan. Shaikh Shoaib Sultan was his father and Maryam Bibi was his mother. Shaikh Shoaib was nephew of Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi[citation needed]. Baba Farid married Hazabara, daughter of Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud. He died Tuesday, 7th May 1266 CE (679 Hijri) during Namaz. His darbar is in Dera Pindi, and his name is Khawaja Shaikh Muhammad Paak Ghareeb Nawaz. "There is only one Fareed, though many spring forth from the bud of the flower".
Baba Farid was a very pious and religious man, of impeccable character, humble and people's poet. He was poor and led a simple life. His piety and his character attracted people to Sufism.
[edit] His Shrine
His mazar (shrine) is the pride of Pakpattan. Khawaja Nizamuddin Aulia constructed his tomb. Mazar has two doors, namely Noori darwaza and Bahishti darwaza. Bahishti darwaza opens once a year and during the fair thousands of people pass through it. It (door) is made of silver and floral designs are laid in gold sheet. Thousands of devotees come to visit the shrine daily from within the country and from abroad. His urs (death anniversary) is celebrated every year on the 5th, 6th and 7th of Muharram.
[edit] He Himself is Master and Disciple
He was the spiritual disciple and Khalifa (spiritual successor) of Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki who was the disciple and Khalifa of Khawaja Moinuddin Chishti who was the disciple and Khalifa of Sheikh Usmaan Haruni.
There is only One Master. The thing is there comes a time when the disciple completely annihilates into his Master. Then there only remains One. The Master.
[edit] His Students
He was the spiritual master of Nizamuddin Auliya (who was the Master of Amir Khusro and Nasiruddin Chirag-e-Delhi), his sister's son Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari(Master of Shamsuddin)
[edit] His descendants
His descendants, also known as Fareedi, Fareedies and Faridy, mostly carry the name Farooqi. They are all over India and can also be found all over the world including Pakistan and Australia. However those still looking after his shrine are better known as Diwans.
[edit] Baba Farid's place in Sikhism and Gurbani
Baba Farid has been honoured by the Gurus of Sikhism by his verses being collected and compiled in the Sikh holy Guru Granth Sahib under the chapter Farid's Sayings by Guru Nanak Dev Ji.[3] Baba Farid's verses have been collected in the holy book Guru Granth Sahib (normally referred to as Gurbani) under the chapter Farid's sayings by Guru Nanak Dev Ji.
[edit] Verses
Out of all of the verses found in Gurbani (SGGS or Guru Granth Sahib), some include:
- Fareed, this world is beautiful, but there is a thorny garden within it.
- Fareed, do not turn around and strike those who strike you with their fists.
- Fareed, when there is greed, what love can there be? When there is greed, love is false.
[edit] Trivia
In his honour Indian Punjab government established Baba Farid University of Health Sciences at Faridkot in July of 1998.
[edit] References
- ^ a b Baba Sheikh Farid Shakarganj (1173 - 1266 A.D.). Sandeep Singh Bajwa. Retrieved on 2008-05-02.
- ^ Hazrat Baba Fariduddin Ganj-e-Shakar
- ^ Sikh Bhagats : Baba Sheikh Farid Ji. Gateway to Sikhism. Retrieved on 2008-05-02.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Biography, Sufi Study Circle of Toronto
- Hazrat Baba Fariduddin Ganj-e-Shakar
- Baba Farid's short bio
- Austere rhythms of Farid, by Najm Hosain Syed
- Complete kalam of Baba Farid
- Faridia Islamic University
- Ajmer Sharif and Chishty Sufis
- Hazrat Khwaja Moinuddin Hassan Chishty and his successive Khalifas
- Punjabilok Biography
- The South Asian
- Shrine of Baba Farid
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