EuroSprinter
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 Locomotive of Baureihe 127 in Ingolstadt Hbf |
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| Power type | Electric |
|---|---|
| Builder | Krauss-Maffei, Siemens |
| Model | ES 64 F * ES 64 F4 ** ES 64 U *** |
| Build date | 1996–2001 * 2003–2005 ** 2000– *** |
| Total production | 170 * 100+ ** 360+ *** |
| UIC classification | Bo'Bo' |
| Gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8½ in) |
| Length | 19.58 m (64 ft 3 in) |
| Locomotive weight | 86–87 tonnes |
| Traction motors | Four |
| Top speed | 140 km/h (87 mph) */** 230 km/h (140 mph) *** |
| Power output | 6,400 kW (8,600 hp) |
| Tractive effort | 300 kN (67,000 lbf) |
| Locomotive brakes | Air and electric |
| Train brakes | Air |
| Safety systems | Sifa, PZB, ETCS, various |
The EuroSprinter family of electric locomotives is a modular concept of locomotives for the European market built by Siemens. The internal Siemens product name is ES 64, with ES for EuroSprinter and the number 64 indicating the 6,400 kW power at rail. The additional information given is on the usage (U as universal, P as prototype and F as freight) and on the number of electric power system (e. g. 2 as two types, 4 as all four commonly in Europe used systems).
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[edit] Development
The first prototype ES 64 P was built in 1992, as Deutsche Bahn AG was expected to issue a large order of locomotives as a replacement for the ageing Einheits-Elektrolokomotiven. Technically it was based on the Siemens-made Spanish RENFE class 252, delivered in 1991. The prototype was used for extensive tests all over Europe. Technically it marks the introduction of three-phase traction. During the tests, DB AG referred to the prototype as class 127. It is still in service with Dispolok, a formerly Siemens-owned locomotive pool.
[edit] Standard Types
[edit] ES 64 F
The ES 64 F is an electric three-phase freight locomotive with 6,400 kW power and a top speed of 140 km/h. Though also equipped for passenger services, it is exclusively used for freight trains. It was introduced to Deutsche Bahn AG as class 152 in 1996 and today is operated by Railion. Main role is to replace the older class 150 and 151 freight locomotives on heavy freight trains. The original order of 195 units was reduced to 170, as the Austrian Railways feared that the cannon box design engines might affect the tracks on Austrian's mountain railway lines. Instead, DB AG ordered 25 ES 64 U2.
It should be noticed that with class 152 DB AG abandoned the wheel arrangement with 12 wheels used at class 150 and 151, as with digital wheel-slip control the tractive effort should be brought onto the track with 8 wheels. Nonetheless, some engineers argue that in autumn due to slippery tracks heavy trains are hard to accelerate. Maximum speed excluded, all performance characteristics are similar to those of DB AG class 101.
[edit] ES 64 F4
The ES 64 F4 is an electric three-phase freight locomotive with 6,400 kW power and a top speed of 140 km/h. It is also equipped for passenger service, but seldom used in that role. ES 64 F4 is equipped for all four electric systems commonly used in Europe. Due to the fact that limited space inhibits installation of all safety systems, class 189 is equipped with various "packages", e. g. Germany and Switzerland. The electric brake is connected with an energy recovery system.
It is in service with Deutsche Bahn AG as class 189 and with SBB as class RE 474. Some units are let by the Dispolok locomotive pool.
[edit] ES 64 U
Based on the Eurosprinter concept the ES 64 U was developed as a universal electric locomotive with a top speed of 230 km/h. The series ES 64 U is only capable to operate under 15 kV voltage. It is in service with DB AG as class 182 and in Austria with ÖBB as class 1016. In difference to the F series, all U series instead of cannon box transmission are equipped with HAB hollow shaft transmission, thus reducing the forces working on the track. The ÖBB assigned the protected name Taurus to class 1016 (and following 1116 and 1216), under which name the ES 64 U+ series are widely known in Europe.
The ES 64 U2 can also operate under 25 kV AC. It is operated by ÖBB as class 1116 as well as by MAV and GySEV (class 1047)) and Dispolok.
All four European electric systems (15 and 25 kV AC, 1.5 and 3 kV DC) can be used by the ES 64 U4. Its electric part is mostly identical with ES 64 F4. The four-system series are currently used by ÖBB and the Austrian private operator Rail Traction Service as class 1216 and by Slovenian SŽ as class 541. Due to minor changes in the layout this type stands for the third generation of the Eurosprinter family.
A special version of the ES 64 U4 was delivered to the Vogtlandbahn of Germany, numbered class 183. Although the body is the same as any other ES 64 U4 locomotive, it is bi-current and can only operate off the German 15kV AC and the Czech 25kV AC system. This also reveals the first inconsistencies in the type designations, as it should be called a ES 64 U2, while Siemens only adopts the ES 64 U4 designation for this version.
It is however rumoured that the Vogtlandbahn locomotives do have the equipment to operate off all 4 systems (which could explain why Siemens remains with the ES 64 U4 designation), but that the different software used in this subseries and the lack of 2 extra pantographs prevents them from doing so.
On 2 September 2006 the locomotive 1216 050 (prior to delivery to ÖBB) set a new world record for conventional electric locomotives, as during the trials near Nürnberg it reached a top speed of 357 km/h [1]. Remarkably enough, the locomotive was not modified for the record.
[edit] Derived Types
[edit] Danish Class EG 3100
For the newly built crossing of the Danish straits (Great Belt Fixed Link) the Danske Statsbaner ordered 13 units of the class EG 3100, delivered 1999 to 2000. Based on the Eurosprinter concept, the wheel arrangement was modified to Co' Co' in order to ensure maximum tractive effort on the ramps. The tractive effort with this class is 400 kN (90,000 lbf) instead the usual 300 kN (67,000 lbf), with an overall length of 20.95 m (68 ft 9 in). This type can be seen as a modified second generation ES 64 F2, capable of operating under 15 kV and 25 kV AC.
[edit] Greek Class 120
The Greek OSE has put its class 120 as their first electric locomotives into service. From 1996 to 2001 a total of 30 class 120 were delivered to Greece. The concept is mostly identical the ES 64 P prototype, with changes to the power (5,000 kW/6,700 hp) and the electric system (25 kV AC).
[edit] China Railways DJ1
In 1997, the Chinese Ministry of Railways ordered 20 units of type DJ1 freight locomotives from a joint venture formed by Siemens and Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works. These locomotives are based on second generation of EuroSprinter platform with some modifications such as number of axles were changed from 4 to 8 by articulating 2 identical locomotives. The first 3 of 20 DJ1s were built by Siemens in Austria, and the rest 17 of 20 were built by Zhuzhou. All DJ1s were delivered between 2002 and 2003, and were put into Daqin Railway for hauling freight trains. [1]
[edit] China Railways HXD1
Initially named DJ4, successor of DJ1, with more powerful traction motors, higher traction effort and IGBT traction inverters, also dedicated for Daqin Railway. The Ministry of Railways ordered 180 units of DJ4s from Zhuzhou and Siemens in 2004. All of DJ4s were built by Zhuzhou with technical support from Siemens. The first DJ4 locomotive was completed in 2006. Shortly after its delivery, the model name was changed from DJ4 to HXD1. [2]
In August 18, 2007, Siemens and Zhuzhou won another contract from Ministry of Railways to build 500 Co-Co EuroSprinter-based locomotives. [3]
[edit] Korean Rairoad 8100, 8200
[edit] RENFE Class 252
[edit] Outlook
In the process of further development of the EuroSprinter series, Siemens currently plans to merge it with their diesel-electric EuroRunner line. The working title for this merged product line is ES 2007. One might notice that this plan is well in line with Bombardier's expansion of their successful TRAXX series into the diesel market.
[edit] External links
- Siemens Transportation Website
- Dispolok Website
- Drehstromloks.de - A comprehensive site about EuroSprinter and other Neubaulok series (German)
- Railcolor.net - Another comprehensive site about EuroSprinter and other Neubaulok series
[edit] References
[edit] Literature
- Karl Gerhard Baur: TAURUS - Lokomotiven für Europa. Eisenbahn-Kurier-Verlag, Freiburg 2003. ISBN 3-88255-182-8
- Bo Oldrup Pedersen, Ole Aaboe Jörgensen, Günther Pröll: Co'Co'-Zweifrequenzlokomotive EG 3100 für Danske Statsbaner. Oldenbourg, München ????.
- Markus Inderst: Europalok auf Rampenstrecken. Neue DB-Baureihe 189. In: LOK MAGAZIN. GeraNova Zeitschriftenverlag GmbH, München Nr. 255/Jahrgang 41/2002, S. 28. ISSN 0458-1822
- Konrad Koschinski: Taurus & Hercules - DB-182, ÖBB-1016/1116, MAV-1047.0, GySEV-1047.5, Siemens-Dispolok, ÖBB-2016. Sonderausgabe. Eisenbahn Journal. Merker, Fürstenfeldbruck 2003,1. ISSN 0720-051x
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