Eurisko

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Please help improve this article or section by expanding it.
Further information might be found on the talk page or at requests for expansion. (January 2007)

Eurisko (Gr., I discover) is a program written by Douglas Lenat in the Lisp programming language. A sequel to Automated Mathematician, it consists of heuristics, i.e. rules of thumb, including heuristics describing how to use and change its own heuristics. Lenat was frustrated by Automated Mathematician's constraint to a single domain and so developed Eurisko; his frustration with the effort of encoding domain knowledge for Eurisko led to Lenat's subsequent (and, as of 2006, continuing) development of Cyc. Lenat envisions ultimately coupling the Cyc knowledgebase with the Eurisko discovery engine.

[edit] History

Development commenced at Carnegie-Mellon in 1976 and continued at Stanford University in 1978 when Lenat returned to teach. "For the first five years, nothing good came out of it," Lenat said. But when the implementation was changed to a frame language based representation he called RLL (Representation Language Language), heuristic creation and modification became much simpler. Eurisko was then applied to a number of domains with surprising success, including VLSI chip design.

Lenat and Eurisko gained notoriety by submitting the winning fleet to the United States Traveller TCS national championship in 1981, forcing extensive changes to the game's rules. After Eurisko won again in 1982, tournament officials announced that if Eurisko won another championship the competition would be abolished; Lenat retired Eurisko from the game. The Traveller TCS wins brought Lenat to the attention of DARPA, which has funded much of his subsequent work.

[edit] References

The Editors of Time-Life Books (1986). Understanding Computers: Artificial Intelligence. Amsterdam: Time-Life Books, pp. 81-84. ISBN 0-7054-0915-5.
Lenat, D. B. (1983). "EURISKO: A program that learns new heuristics and domain concepts." Artificial Intelligence 21, pp. 61-98.
Lenat, D. B., and Brown, J. S. (1984). "Why AM and EURISKO appear to work." Artificial Intelligence 23(3):269--294.

[edit] External links

The "Engines of Design" section of Chapter 5 of Eric Drexler's Engines of Creation contains more information about Eurisko.
Kenneth W. Haase, Jr. Discovery System. Describes Cyrano, a thoughtful reimplementation of Eurisko. Also available at DSpace.
Johnson, George. 1984. "Eurisko, The Computer With A Mind Of Its Own." The APF Reporter. Volume 7, number 4. A journalistic account of Eurisko's victory at the Traveller competition.