Eugene Guth
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Eugene Guth (Born in Budapest, Hungary, Aug. 21, 1905. Died July 5, 1990) was an American physicist who made contributions to polymer physics and to nuclear and solid state physics. He was awarded a Ph.D. in Theoretical Physics by the University of Vienna in 1928. He was a Postdoctoral Research Associate with Wolfgang Pauli) at the Austrian-German Science Foundation, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, and University of Leipzig, with Werner Heisenberg from 1930 to 1931. He was Professor at the University of Vienna (1932-1937) and the University of Notre Dame 1937-1955. He was at Oak Ridge National Laboratory from 1955 to 1971.
He is noted for several pioneering discoveries that advanced the field of polymer physics. These included the treatment of the flexible, randomly kinked molecule in Brownian motion of polymers; the explanation of the entropic origin of the elastic force; and the Kinetic Theory of Rubber Elasticity.[1] [2] [3]
Aside from establishing the first Polymer Physics Laboratory at an academic institution in America, Dr. Guth had an international reputation in physics and polymer science. In 1976, he delivered the first plenary lecture on "Birth and Rise of Polymer Science - Myth and Truth," before the International Symposium on Applied Polymer Science. Two years later, he received the University of Vienna's Distinguished Alumnus Award, and in 1979, he was awarded the Honor Cross of Science and Arts by President Rudolf Kirchschläger of the Republic of Austria. He remained interested in science throughout his entire life. His last article was published posthumously in 1991 in the Journal of Polymer Science.
A book, co-edited by his long time friend and colleague Professor J. E. (Jim) Mark of the University of Cincinnati, was designed to celebrate Eugene Guth's 85th birthday, but subsequently was published as a memorial. The book is entitled ELASTOMERIC POLYMER NETWORKS, Prentice Hall Publishers, 1992, ISBN 0132494833. The oval picture to the right is found in the inside preface to that collected papers volume.
[edit] References
- ^ H. Leaderman, Physics Today, August (1965)
- ^ A. J. Staverman, Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Symposium, 51, 45 (1975)
- ^ Herman Mark, Journal of Chemical Education, 58, 527 (1981)
