Ethanol (data page)

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This page provides supplementary chemical data on ethanol.

Contents

[edit] Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as SIRI, and follow its directions. MSDS for denatured ethanol is available at Mallinckrodt Baker.

[edit] Structure and properties

Structure and properties
Index of refraction, n25 1.361
Dielectric constant, εr 24.3 ε0 at 25 °C
Bond strength  ?
Bond length  ?
Bond angle  ?
Magnetic susceptibility[1] 5.8·10-7 (cgs units, volume)
Surface tension 22.39 dyn/cm at 20°C
Viscosity[2]
6.285 mPa·s at –50°C
4.656 mPa·s at –40°C
3.530 mPa·s at –30°C
2.731 mPa·s at –20°C
2.419 mPa·s at –15°C
2.151 mPa·s at –10°C
1.920 mPa·s at –5°C
1.720 mPa·s at 0°C
1.546 mPa·s at 5°C
1.394 mPa·s at 10°C
1.261 mPa·s at 15°C
1.144 mPa·s at 20°C
1.040 mPa·s at 25°C
0.949 mPa·s at 30°C
0.794 mPa·s at 40°C
0.670 mPa·s at 50°C
0.570 mPa·s at 60°C
0.487 mPa·s at 70°C
0.452 mPa·s at 75°C

[edit] Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Triple point 150 K (−123 °C), 0.00043 Pa
Critical point 514 K (241 °C), 63 bar
Std enthalpy change
of fusion, ΔfusHo		 +4.9 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of fusion, ΔfusSo		 +31 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change
of vaporization, ΔvapHo		 +38.56 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of vaporization, ΔvapSo		 109.67 J/(mol·K)
Molal freezing point constant –1.99 °C kg/mol
Molal boiling point constant 1.19 °C kg/mol
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHosolid		 –277.7 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sosolid		  ? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp  ? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHoliquid		 −277.38 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Soliquid		 159.9 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, ΔcHo –1370.7 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp 112.4 J/(mol K)
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHogas		 −235.3 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sogas		 283 J/(mol K)
Heat capacity,[3][4] cp 78.28 J/(mol K) at 90°C
87.53 J/(mol K) at 110-220°C
Heat capacity ratio,[3][4]
γ = cp/cv		 1.13 at 90°C
van der Waals' constants[5] a = 1217.9 L2 kPa/mol2
b = 0.08407 liter per mole

[edit] Spectral data

UV-Vis
λmax  ? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε  ?
IR
Major absorption bands[6]
(liquid film)
Wave number transmittance
880 cm−1 22%
1048 cm−1 6%
1089 cm−1 19%
1275 cm−1 52%
1329 cm−1 44%
1384 cm−1 32%
1418 cm−1 33%
1650 cm−1 26%
1926 cm−1 62%
2899 cm−1 12%
2930 cm−1 13%
2977 cm−1 4%
NMR
Proton NMR  
Carbon-13 NMR  
Other NMR data  
MS
Masses of
main fragments		  

[edit] Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg 1 10 40 100 400 760 1520 3800 7600 15200 30400 45600
T in °C –31.3 –2.3 19.0 34.9 63.5 78.4 97.5 126.0 151.8 183.0 218.0 242.0

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.
Ethanol vapor pressure vs. temperature. Uses formula: from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed.
Ethanol vapor pressure vs. temperature. Uses formula: \scriptstyle P_{mmHg} = 10^{8.04494 - \frac {1554.3} {222.65+T}} from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed.
Log10 of ethanol vapor pressure vs. temperature. Uses formula:
Log10 of ethanol vapor pressure vs. temperature. Uses formula: \scriptstyle \log_{10} {P_{mmHg}} = 8.04494 - \frac {1554.3} {222.65+T}


[edit] Density of ethanol at various temperatures

Data obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed.

3°C 0.80374 16°C 0.79283 29°C 0.78182
4°C 0.80290 17°C 0.79198 30°C 0.78097
5°C 0.80207 18°C 0.79114 31°C 0.78012
6°C 0.80123 19°C 0.79029 32°C 0.77927
7°C 0.80039 20°C 0.78945 33°C 0.77841
8°C 0.79956 21°C 0.78860 34°C 0.77756
9°C 0.79872 22°C 0.78775 35°C 0.77671
10°C 0.79788 23°C 0.78691 36°C 0.77585
11°C 0.79704 24°C 0.78606 37°C 0.77500
12°C 0.79620 25°C 0.78522 38°C 0.77414
39°C 0.77329

[edit] Properties of aqueous ethanol solutions

Data obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. The annotation, d a°C/b°C, indicates density of solution at temperature a divided by density of pure water at temperature b.

% wt
ethanol		 % vol
ethanol		 grams
ethanol
per 100 cc
15.56°C		 d 10°C/4°C d 20°C/4°C d 25°C/4°C d 30°C/4°C d 20°C/20°C d 25°C/25°C freezing
temp.
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.99973 0.99823 0.99708 0.99568 1.00000 1.00000 0°C
1.0 0.99785 0.99636 0.99520 0.99379 0.99813 0.99811
2.0 0.99602 0.99453 0.99336 0.99194 0.99629 0.99627
2.5 3.13 0.99363 –1°C
3.0 0.99426 0.99275 0.99157 0.99014 0.99451 0.99447
4.0 5.00 3.97 0.99258 0.99103 0.98984 0.98839 0.99279 0.99274
4.8 6.00 4.76 0.98971 –2°C
5.0 0.99098 0.98938 0.98817 0.98670 0.99113 0.99106
5.05 6.30 5.00 0.98930
6.0 0.98946 0.98780 0.98656 0.98507 0.98955 0.98945
6.8 8.47 0.98658 –3°C
7.0 0.98801 0.98627 0.98500 0.98347 0.98802 0.98788
8.0 0.98660 0.98478 0.98346 0.98189 0.98653 0.98634
9.0 0.98524 0.98331 0.98193 0.98031 0.98505 0.98481
10.0 12.40 9.84 0.98393 0.98187 0.98043 0.97575 0.98361 0.98330
11.0 0.98267 0.98047 0.97897 0.97723 0.98221 0.98184
11.3 14.0 11.11 0.98006 –5°C
12.0 0.98145 0.97910 0.97753 0.97573 0.98084 0.98039
13.0 0.98026 0.97775 0.97611 0.97424 0.97948 0.97897
13.78 17.00 13.49 0.98658 –6.1°C
14.0 0.97911 0.97643 0.97472 0.97278 0.97816 0.97757
15.0 0.97800 0.97514 0.97334 0.97133 0.97687 0.97619
15.02 18.50 14.68 0.97511
16.0 0.97692 0.97387 0.97199 0.96990 0.97560 0.97484
16.4 20.2 0.97336 –7.5°C
17.0 0.97583 0.97259 0.97062 0.96844 0.97431 0.97346
17.5 21.5 0.97194 –8.7°C
18.0 22.10 17.54 0.97473 0.97129 0.96923 0.96697 0.97301 0.97207
18.8 23.1 0.97024 –9.4°C
19.0 0.97363 0.96997 0.96782 0.96547 0.97169 0.97065
20.0 0.97252 0.96864 0.96639 0.96395 0.97036 0.96922
20.01 24.50 19.44 0.96863
20.3 24.8 0.96823 –10.6°C
21.0 0.97139 0.96729 0.96495 0.96242 0.96901 0.96778
22.0 0.97024 0.96592 0.96348 0.96087 0.96763 0.96630
22.11 27.00 21.43 0.96578 –12.2°C
23.0 0.96907 0.96453 0.96199 0.95929 0.96624 0.96481
24.0 0.96787 0.96312 0.96048 0.95769 0.96483 0.96329
24.2 29.5 0.96283 –14.0°C
25.0 30.40 24.12 0.96665 0.96168 0.95895 0.95607 0.96339 0.96176
26.0 0.96539 0.96020 0.95738 0.95422 0.96190 0.96018
26.7 32.4 0.95914 –16.0°C
27.0 0.96406 0.95867 0.95576 0.95272 0.96037 0.95856
28.0 33.90 26.90 0.96268 0.95710 0.95410 0.95098 0.95880 0.95689
29.0 0.96125 0.95548 0.95241 0.94922 0.95717 0.95520
29.9 36.1 0.95400 –18.9°C
30.0 36.20 28.73 0.95977 0.95382 0.95067 0.94741 0.95551 0.95345
31.0 0.95823 0.95212 0.94890 0.94557 0.95381 0.95168
32.0 0.95665 0.95038 0.94709 0.94370 0.95207 0.94986
33.0 0.95502 0.94860 0.94525 0.94180 0.95028 0.94802
33.8 40.5 0.94715 –23.6°C
34.0 0.95334 0.94679 0.94337 0.93986 0.94847 0.94613
35.0 0.95162 0.94494 0.94146 0.93790 0.94662 0.94422
35.04 41.90 33.25 0.94486
36.0 0.94986 0.94306 0.93952 0.93591 0.94473 0.94227
37.0 0.94805 0.94114 0.93756 0.93390 0.94281 0.94031
38.0 0.94620 0.93919 0.93556 0.93186 0.94086 0.93830
39.0 46.3 0.94431 0.93720 0.93353 0.92979 0.93886 0.93626 –28.7°C
40.0 0.94238 0.93518 0.93148 0.92770 0.93684 0.93421
40.04 47.40 37.61 0.93510
41.0 0.94042 0.93314 0.92940 0.92558 0.93479 0.93212
42.0 0.93842 0.93107 0.92729 0.92344 0.93272 0.93001
43.0 0.93639 0.92897 0.92516 0.92128 0.93062 0.92787
44.0 0.93433 0.92685 0.92301 0.91910 0.92849 0.92571
45.0 0.93226 0.92472 0.92085 0.91692 0.92636 0.92355
45.31 53.00 42.07 0.92406
46.0 0.93017 0.92257 0.91868 0.91472 0.92421 0.92137
46.3 53.8 0.92193 –33.9°C
47.0 0.92806 0.92041 0.91649 0.91250 0.92204 0.91917
48.0 0.92593 0.91823 0.91429 0.91028 0.91986 0.91697
49.0 0.92379 0.91604 0.91208 0.90805 0.91766 0.91475
50.0 0.92162 0.91384 0.90985 0.90580 0.91546 0.91251
50.16 58.0 46.04 0.91349
51.0 0.91943 0.91160 0.90760 0.90353 0.91322 0.91026
52.0 0.91723 0.90936 0.90524 0.90125 0.91097 0.90799
53.0 0.91502 0.90711 0.90307 0.89896 0.90872 0.90571
54.0 0.91279 0.90485 0.90079 0.89667 0.90645 0.90343
55.0 0.91055 0.90258 0.89850 0.89437 0.90418 0.90113
55.16 63.0 50.00 0.90220
56.0 0.90831 0.90031 0.89621 0.89206 0.90191 0.89833
56.1 63.6 0.90008 –41.0°C
57.0 0.90607 0.89803 0.89392 0.88975 0.89962 0.89654
58.0 0.90381 0.89574 0.89162 0.88744 0.89733 0.89423
59.0 0.90154 0.89344 0.88931 0.88512 0.89502 0.89191
60.0 0.89927 0.89113 0.88699 0.88278 0.89271 0.88959
60.33 68.0 53.98 0.89038
61.0 0.89898 0.88882 0.88466 0.88044 0.89040 0.88725
62.0 0.89468 0.88650 0.88233 0.87809 0.88807 0.88491
63.0 0.89237 0.88417 0.87998 0.87574 0.88574 0.88256
64.0 0.89006 0.88183 0.87763 0.87337 0.88339 0.88020
65.0 0.88774 0.87948 0.87527 0.87100 0.88104 0.87783
66.0 0.88541 0.87713 0.87291 0.86863 0.87869 0.87547
67.0 0.88308 0.87477 0.87054 0.86625 0.87632 0.87309
68.0 0.88071 0.87241 0.86817 0.86387 0.87396 0.87071
69.0 0.87839 0.87004 0.86579 0.86148 0.87158 0.86833
70.0 0.87602 0.86766 0.86340 0.85908 0.86920 0.86593
71.0 0.87365 0.86527 0.86100 0.85667 0.86680 0.86352
71.9 78.3 0.86311 –51.3°C
72.0 0.87127 0.86287 0.85859 0.85426 0.86440 0.86110
73.0 0.86888 0.86047 0.85618 0.85184 0.86200 0.85869
74.0 0.86648 0.85806 0.85376 0.84941 0.85958 0.85626
75.0 0.86408 0.85564 0.85135 0.84698 0.85716 0.85383
76.0 0.86168 0.85322 0.84891 0.84455 0.85473 0.85140
77.0 0.85927 0.85079 0.84647 0.84211 0.85230 0.84895
78.0 0.85685 0.84835 0.84403 0.83966 0.84985 0.84650
79.0 0.85422 0.84590 0.84158 0.83720 0.84740 0.84404
80.0 0.85197 0.84344 0.83911 0.83473 0.84494 0.84157
81.0 0.84950 0.84096 0.83664 0.83224 0.84245 0.83909
82.0 0.84702 0.83848 0.83415 0.82974 0.83997 0.83659
83.0 0.84453 0.83599 0.83164 0.82724 0.83747 0.83408
84.0 0.84203 0.83348 0.82913 0.82473 0.83496 0.83156
85.0 0.83951 0.83095 0.82660 0.82220 0.83242 0.82902
86.0 0.83697 0.82840 0.82405 0.81965 0.82987 0.82646
87.0 0.83441 0.82323 0.82148 0.81708 0.82729 0.82389
88.0 0.83181 0.82323 0.81888 0.81448 0.82469 0.82128
89.0 0.82919 0.82062 0.81626 0.81186 0.82207 0.81865
90.0 0.82654 0.81797 0.81362 0.80922 0.81942 0.81600
91.00 94.00 74.62 0.82386 0.81529 0.81094 0.80655 0.81674 0.81331
92.0 0.82114 0.81257 0.80823 0.80384 0.81401 0.81060
93.0 0.81839 0.80983 0.80549 0.80111 0.81127 0.80785
94.0 0.81561 0.80705 0.80272 0.79835 0.80848 0.80507
95.0 0.81278 0.80424 0.79991 0.79555 0.80567 0.80225
96.0 0.80991 0.80138 0.79706 0.79271 0.80280 0.79939
97.0 0.80698 0.79846 0.79415 0.78981 0.79988 0.79648
98.0 0.80399 0.79547 0.79117 0.78684 0.79688 0.79349
99.0 0.80094 0.79243 0.78814 0.78382 0.79383 0.79045
100.0 100.0 79.39 0.79784 0.78934 0.78506 0.78075 0.79074 0.78736 −114.3 °C
% wt
ethanol		 % vol
ethanol		 grams
ethanol
per 100 cc
15.56°C		 d 10°C/4°C d 20°C/4°C d 25°C/4°C d 30°C/4°C d 20°C/20°C d 25°C/25°C freezing
temp.


[edit] Boiling points of aqueous solutions

Data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry 44th ed., p2391

BP °C Weight % ethanol     BP °C Weight % ethanol
liquid vapor liquid vapor
78.1 95.5‡ 95.5‡    
78.2 91 92 86.5 18 71
78.4 85 89 87.0 17 70
78.6 82 88 87.5 16 69
78.8 80 87 88.0 15 68
79.0 78 86 88.5 13 67
79.2 76 85 89.0 12 65
79.4 74 85 89.5 11 63
79.6 72 84 90.0 10 61
79.8 69 84 90.5 10 59
80.0 67 83 91.0 9 57
80.2 64 83 91.5 8 55
80.4 62 82 92.0 8 53
80.6 59 82 92.5 7 51
80.8 56 81 93.0 6 49
81.0 53 81 93.5 6 46
81.2 50 80 94.0 5 44
81.4 47 80 94.5 5 42
81.6 45 80 95.0 4 39
81.8 43 79 95.5 4 36
82.0 41 79 96.0 3 33
82.5 36 78 96.5 3 30
83.0 33 78 97.0 2 27
83.5 30 77 97.5 2 23
84.0 27 77 98.0 1 19
84.5 25 75 98.5 1 15
85.0 23 74 99.0 < 1 10
85.5 21 73 99.5 < 1 5
86.0 20 72 100.0 0 0

‡Azeotropic mixture. See azeotrope (data) for more azeotropes of ethanol.

[edit] References

  1. ^ NMR-002: Sample Devices and Magnetic Susceptibility
  2. ^ Pure Component Properties (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved on 12 May 2007.
  3. ^ a b Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp 1525-1528
  4. ^ a b CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. pp 2582-2584
  5. ^ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp 1522-1524
  6. ^ [http://riodb01.ibase.aist.go.jp/sdbs/cgi-bin/cre_index.cgi?lang=eng Spectral Database for Organic Compounds] (Queriable database). Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. Retrieved on 9 June 2007.

Except where noted otherwise, data relate to standard ambient temperature and pressure.

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