Estádio do Maracanã
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| Maracanã | |
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| Full name | Estádio Jornalista Mário Filho |
| Location | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| Coordinates | 22°54′43.80″S, 43°13′48.59″W |
| Broke ground | August 2, 1948 |
| Opened | June 16, 1950 |
| Renovated | 2007 |
| Owner | Rio de Janeiro State Government |
| Surface | Grass |
| Architect | Raphael Galvão Pedro Paulo B. Bastos Orlando Azevedo Antônio Dias Carneiro |
| Tenants |
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The Estádio Jornalista Mário Filho, commonly called Estádio do Maracanã ("Maracanã stadium"), is an open-air stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It was once the largest stadium in the world, seating just over 200,000 spectators. Owned by the Rio de Janeiro State Government, it is named after the Maracanã neighbourhood in Rio de Janeiro. It was opened in 1950 to host the FIFA World Cup. Since then, it has mainly been used for football matches between the major football clubs in Rio de Janeiro, including Flamengo, Fluminense, Botafogo and Vasco da Gama. It has also hosted a number of concerts and other sporting events. Although the paid attendance at the final game of the 1950 FIFA World Cup was 199,500, the stadium currently seats 95,000 spectators.[1]
It will host the World Cup Final in 2014, becoming the second stadium to host football's most important match twice after the Azteca Stadium in Mexico City.
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[edit] History
[edit] Construction
After winning the right to host the 1950 FIFA World Cup, the Brazilian government sought to build a new stadium for the tournament. The plans for the stadium were drawn up by two Brazilian architects, Raphaël Galvão and Pedro Paulo Bernardes Bastos. The first stone was laid at the site of the stadium on August 2, 1948.[2] With the first World Cup game scheduled to be played on June 24, 1950, this left little under two years to finish building. However, work quickly fell behind schedule, prompting FIFA to send Dr. Ottorino Barassi, the head of the Italian FA, who had organized the 1934 World Cup to help in Rio de Janeiro.
[edit] Opening
The opening match of the stadium took place on June 16, 1950. Rio de Janeiro All-Stars beat São Paulo All-Stars 3-1; Didi became the player to score the first ever goal at the stadium.[3] Despite hosting a match, the stadium was still unfinished. It lacked toilet facilities and a press stand, and still looked like a building site. It was said that the stadium could house 200,000 standing spectators, making it easily the largest stadium in the world at the time. Despite being unfinished, FIFA allowed matches to be played at the venue, and on June 24, 1950, the first World Cup match took place. Brazil beat Mexico with a final score 4-0, with Ademir becoming the first scorer of a competitive goal at the stadium with his 30th minute strike. 81,000 spectators attended the game. Eventually, Brazil progressed to the final round, facing Uruguay in the final match of the tournament on July 16, 1950. Brazil only needed a draw to finish top of the group, but Uruguay won the game 2-1, shocking the thousands who attended the game. This match has since been known as the "Maracanaço" (or in Spanish, "Maracanazo"). The official attendance of the game was 199,500, with the actual attendance estimated to be about 210,000.[4][5]
[edit] Post World Cup years
On March 21, 1954 a new official attendance record was set in the game between Brazil and Paraguay, after 183,513 spectators entered the stadium with a ticket and 177.656 in Fla-Flu (1963). In 1963, stadium authorities replaced the square goal posts with round ones, but it was still two years before the stadium would be fully completed. In 1965, 17 years after construction began, the stadium was finally finished.
Since the World Cup left Brazil in 1950, the Maracanã Stadium has mainly been used for club games involving four major football clubs in Rio— Vasco, Botafogo, Flamengo and Fluminense. The stadium has also hosted numerous domestic football cup finals, most notably the Copa do Brasil and the Campeonato Carioca.
In September 1966, Mário Filho, a Brazilian journalist, columnist and sports figure, died, leading to the administrators of the stadium renaming the stadium after him to Estádio Jornalista Mário Filho. However, the nickname of Maracanã continued to be used. Mario Filho was a prominent campaigner who was largely responsible for the stadium originally being built. In 1969, Pelé scored the 1,000th goal of his career at the Maracanã against Vasco in front of 125,000 spectators. In 1989, Zico scored his final goal for Flamengo at the Maracanã, taking his goal tally at the stadium to 333, a record that still stands as of 2007.
[edit] Modern day
On July 19, 1992, an upper stand in the stadium collapsed, leading to the death of three supporters and 50 more being injured.[6] Following the disaster, the stadium's capacity was greatly reduced as it was converted to an all-seater stadium in the late 1990s. Despite this, the ground was classified as real estate in 1998, meaning that it could not be demolished. The stadium hosted the first ever FIFA Club World Cup final match between Vasco da Gama and Corinthians, which Corinthians won on penalties.
Following its 50th anniversary in 2000, the stadium underwent renovations which would increase its full capacity to around 103,000. After years of planning and nine months of closure between 2005 and 2006, the stadium was reopened in January 2007 with its all-seated capacity to 95,000.
The stadium is part of a complex that includes a gymnasium known by the name of Maracanãzinho---which stands for "the little Maracanã".
Maracanã video tour *[1]
[edit] Non-footballing events
- In 1952, an exhibition basketball match took place, involving the Harlem Globetrotters.
- Pope John Paul II has also visited the stadium. To celebrate the 30th anniversary of the stadium, on January 26, 1981,
- Frank Sinatra played to a crowd of 100,000, prior to a friendly Brazil football match against The USSR.
- In 1983, a volleyball match between Brazil and the USSR played at the ground.
- On April 21, 1990, Paul McCartney played his "World Tour" concert in the Maracanã stadium to a record crowd of over 185 thousand people---his largest single crowd concert ever.
- In January 1991, the stadium hosted the second edition of Rock in Rio, with Prince, Guns N' Roses, George Michael, INXS, a-ha and New Kids on the Block as headliners. The event lasted for nine nights, from January 18 to 27, with a day off on Monday, Jan. 21. Prince, Guns N' Roses and George Michael headlined two nights each, while the other main acts held top spot only once.
Kiss, Sting, Tina Turner, Paul McCartney, Madonna, RBD, Rush and the Backstreet Boys all played the venue on concerts of their own. The 1995 edition of the Hollywood Rock festival in Rio consisted solely of two consecutive performances of the Rolling Stones there.
On October 8, 2006 the famous Mexican pop band, RBD performed in the stadium with a crowd of more than 70,000 fans, and recorder a live album called Live in Rio.
Rush's concert is documented on the live album Rush in Rio. Sting's was the very first from his Nothing Like the Sun world tour, while Kiss, back in 1982, gifted the Maracanã audience with their last appearance wearing the trademark make-up they would only sport again from the mid-90's on.
In July 13, 2007, the stadium hosted the opening ceremonies of the XV Pan American Games. On December 8, Maracanã was the site of the only Brazilian date of The Police's 2007 world tour. The concert happened a little over 20 years after Sting's solo performance at the stadium. Therefore, it gave him the distinction of being the only international popstar to play dates at Maracanã in distinct occasions.
| Preceded by Stade Olympique de Colombes Paris |
FIFA World Cup Final Venue 1950 |
Succeeded by Wankdorf Stadium Bern |
| Preceded by FNB Stadium Johannesburg |
FIFA World Cup Final Venue 2014 |
Succeeded by 2018 Final Venue |
| Preceded by Estadio Monumental Buenos Aires |
Copa América Final Round Matches 1989 |
Succeeded by Estadio Nacional de Chile Santiago de Chile |
| Preceded by None |
FIFA Club World Championship Final Venue 2000 |
Succeeded by International Stadium Yokohama Yokohama |
[edit] View of Maracanã
View of Estádio do Maracanã 2008 *[2]
[edit] References
- ^ a b Maracanã Sports Complex (Opening/Closing Ceremony) - Rio 2007 Pan American Games. Brazilian Olympic Committee official website. Retrieved on 2007-06-20.
- ^ Soccer Hall: 1950 FIFA World Cup. soccerhall.org. Retrieved on 2007-03-23.
- ^ Sambafoot.com: Maracanã, the largest stadium of the world. Sambafoot.com. Retrieved on 2007-03-23.
- ^ Futebol; the Brazilian way of life. Retrieved on 2007-03-23.
- ^ Sambafoot.com: Maracanã, the largest stadium of the world. sambafoot.com. Retrieved on 2007-03-23.
- ^ Sports Disasters. Retrieved on 2007-03-23.
[edit] External links
Maracanã video 2008
- Worldstadiums entry
- (Portuguese) Official Maracanã website
- Photo Gallery of Museum and Game @ The Rio de Janeiro Photo Guide
| Venues of the 1950 FIFA World Cup | |
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Eucaliptos (Porto Alegre) | Independência (Belo Horizonte) | Ilha do Retiro (Recife) | Maracanã (Rio de Janeiro) | Pacaembu (São Paulo) |
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