Esch-Cummins Act
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The Esch-Cummins Act of 1920, or Railroad Transportation Act (P.L. 66-152, 41 Stat. 456), returned railroads to private operation after World War I with much regulation. (In December 1917, President Wilson had ordered the creation of the United States Railroad Administration. This order was later ratified by congressional action.) It also officially encouraged private consolidation of railroads and pledged The Interstate Commerce Commission to guarantee their profitability.
