Ernst Leonhardt
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Ernst Leonhardt (born September 25, 1885 in Tennessee - died March, 1945 in Frankfurt) was an American-born Swiss military figure and pro-Nazi Germany politician.
[edit] Biography
Born in the United States to a German-born Swiss father, Leonhardt returned to Switzerland at an early age to attend school at Basel, before joining the Swiss Army, where he rose to the rank of major.
Leonhardt became involved in politcs in 1932 when he joined the National Front, and before long he had risen to the rank of Gauführer (equivalent to Gauleiter) in both Basel-City and the Canton of Solothurn. However he clashed with his superiors and in 1933 he left the Front and set up his own Volksbund with fellow dissident Emil Sonderegger. The group was dominated by the forceful personality of Leonhardt, a strong factor in its failure to attract much of a following. He also founded the Schweizerische Gesellschaft der Freunde einer Autoritären Demokratie (SGAD) in 1938 (a group officially banned in 1940, although in existence until 1941), whilst he was also a member of Franz Burri's Nationalsozialistischer Schweizerbund and Nationalsozialistische Bewegung in der Schweiz.
Although Leonhardt continued to be involved in Swiss pro-Nazi movements, he had in fact relocated to Germany in 1939 and continued his activism from there. He worked closely with Burri to distribute Nazi propaganda into Switzerland, whilst also recruiting volunteers for the SS and arguing for an Anschluss-style takeover of Switzerland by Hitler. His Swiss citizenship was removed in 1943 due to this idea, although he remained in Germany for the rest of his life, continuing to produce propaganda. He was killed in an air raid some time in March 1945.
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