Endemic birds of Indonesia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Indonesia has more endemic birds than any other country. Indonesia's size, tropical climate, and archipelagic geography, support the world's second highest level of biodiversity (after Brazil).[1]
Most endemic birds are in the Wallacea region of eastern Indonesia. Sulawesi supports twelve endemic bird genera. Of all Indonesian endemic birds, about sixty-one species are threatened: thirty-seven species are listed as Vulnerable, twenty-three are Endangered and eleven species are listed as Critical on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
[edit] Conservation Status
NE = Not Evaluated | NT = Near Threatened | CR = Critical |
DD = Data Deficient | VU = Vulnerable | EW = Extinct in the Wild |
LC = Least Concern | EN = Endangered | EX = Extinct |
[edit] Craciformes
[edit] Megapodiidae
- Aepypodius bruijnii Bruijn's Brush-turkey - VU
- Talegalla cuvieri Red-billed Brush-turkey - LC
- Macrocephalon maleo Maleo - EN
- Eulipoa wallacei Moluccan Scrubfowl - VU
- Megapodius bernsteinii Sula Scrubfowl - NT
- Megapodius tenimberensis Tanimbar Scrubfowl - NE
- Megapodius geelvinkianus Biak Scrubfowl - VU
[edit] Galliformes
[edit] Phasianidae
- Anurophasis monorthonyx Snow Mountain Quail - NT
- Arborophila orientalis White-faced Hill-partridge - VU
- Arborophila javanica Chestnut-bellied Partridge - LC
- Arborophila rubrirostris Red-billed Partridge - LC
- Gallus varius Green Junglefowl - LC
- Lophura hoogerwerfi Aceh Pheasant - VU
- Lophura inornata Salvadori's Pheasant - VU
- Polyplectron chalcurum Bronze-tailed Peacock-pheasant - LC
[edit] Falconiformes
[edit] Falconidae
[edit] Accipitridae
- Spilornis rufipectus Sulawesi Serpent-eagle - LC
- Accipiter griseiceps Sulawesi Goshawk - LC
- Accipiter trinotatus Spot-tailed Goshawk - LC
- Accipiter henicogrammus Moluccan Goshawk - LC
- Accipiter nanus Small Sparrowhawk - NT
- Accipiter erythrauchen Rufous-necked Sparrowhawk - LC
- Accipiter rhodogaster Vinous-breasted Sparrowhawk - LC
- Spizaetus floris Flores Hawk-eagle - EN
- Spizaetus bartelsi Javan Hawk-eagle - EN
- Spizaetus lanceolatus Sulawesi Hawk-eagle - LC
[edit] Gruiformes
[edit] Rallidae
- Rallina leucospila White-striped Forest-rail - NT
- Gallirallus sharpei Sharpe's Rail - DD
- Aramidopsis plateni Snoring Rail - VU
- Gymnocrex rosenbergii Blue-faced Rail - VU
- Gymnocrex talaudensis Talaud Rail - EN
- Amaurornis isabellinus Isabelline Waterhen - LC
- Amaurornis magnirostris Talaud Bush-hen - NE
- Habroptila wallacii Invisible Rail - VU
[edit] Turniciformes
[edit] Turnicidae
[edit] Charadriiformes
[edit] Charadriidae
[edit] Scolopacidae
- Scolopax saturata Javan Woodcock - NT
- Scolopax celebensis Sulawesi Woodcock - NT
- Scolopax rochussenii Moluccan Woodcock - EN
[edit] Columbiformes
[edit] Columbidae
- Reinwardtoena reinwardtsi Great Cuckoo-dove - LC
- Turacoena manadensis White-faced Cuckoo-dove - LC
- Geopelia maugeus Barred Dove - LC
- Gallicolumba tristigmata Sulawesi Ground-dove - LC
- Goura cristata Western Crowned-pigeon - VU
- Treron griseicauda Grey-cheeked Green-pigeon - LC
- Treron floris Flores Green-pigeon - VU
- Treron teysmannii Sumba Green-pigeon - NT
- Treron oxyurus Sumatran Green-pigeon - NT
- Ptilinopus porphyreus Pink-headed Fruit-dove - LC
- Ptilinopus dohertyi Red-naped Fruit-dove - VU
- Ptilinopus fischeri Red-eared Fruit-dove - LC
- Ptilinopus subgularis Maroon-chinned Fruit-dove - NT
- Ptilinopus bernsteinii Scarlet-breasted Fruit-dove - LC
- Ptilinopus wallacii Wallace's Fruit-dove - LC
- Ptilinopus monacha Blue-capped Fruit-dove - NT
- Ptilinopus hyogastrus Grey-headed Fruit-dove - LC
- Ptilinopus granulifrons Carunculated Fruit-dove - VU
- Ducula forsteni White-bellied Imperial-pigeon - LC
- Ducula radiata Grey-headed Imperial-pigeon - LC
- Ducula perspicillata White-eyed Imperial-pigeon - LC
- Ducula myristicivora Spice Imperial-pigeon - LC
- Ducula basilica Cinnamon-bellied Imperial-pigeon - LC
- Ducula lacernulata Dark-backed Imperial-pigeon - LC
- Ducula luctuosa White Imperial-pigeon - LC
- Cryptophaps poecilorrhoa Sombre Pigeon - LC
- Gymnophaps mada Long-tailed Mountain-pigeon - LC
[edit] Psittaciformes
[edit] Psittacidae
- Loriculus stigmatus Sulawesi Hanging-parrot - LC
- Loriculus amabilis Moluccan Hanging-parrot - LC
- Loriculus sclateri Sula Hanging-parrot - LC
- Loriculus catamene Sangihe Hanging-parrot - EN
- Loriculus exilis Red-billed Hanging-parrot - NT
- Loriculus pusillus Yellow-throated Hanging-parrot - NT
- Loriculus flosculus Flores Hanging-parrot - EN
- Micropsitta geelvinkiana Geelvink Pygmy-parrot - NT
- Cacatua moluccensis Salmon-crested Cockatoo - VU
- Cacatua alba White Cockatoo - VU
- Cacatua goffiniana Tanimbar Cockatoo - NT
- Chalcopsitta atra Black Lory - LC
- Eos histrio Red-and-blue Lory - EN
- Eos squamata Violet-necked Lory - LC
- Eos bornea Red Lory - LC
- Eos reticulata Blue-streaked Lory - NT
- Eos cyanogenia Black-winged Lory - VU
- Eos semilarvata Blue-eared Lory - LC
- Trichoglossus ornatus Ornate Lorikeet - LC
- Trichoglossus flavoviridis Yellow-and-green Lorikeet - LC
- Psitteuteles iris Iris Lorikeet - NT
- Lorius garrulus Chattering Lory - EN
- Lorius domicella Purple-naped Lory - VU
- Charmosyna toxopei Blue-fronted Lorikeet - CR
- Prioniturus flavicans Yellowish-breasted Racquet-tail - NT
- Prioniturus platurus Golden-mantled Racquet-tail - LC
- Prioniturus mada Buru Racquet-tail - LC
- Tanygnathus gramineus Black-lored Parrot - VU
- Alisterus amboinensis Moluccan King-parrot - LC
- Psittaculirostris salvadorii Salvadori's Fig-parrot - VU
[edit] Cuculiformes
[edit] Cuculidae
- Cuculus crassirostris Sulawesi Hawk-cuckoo - LC
- Cacomantis heinrichi Moluccan Cuckoo - NT
- Chrysococcyx crassirostris Pied Bronze-cuckoo - LC
- Eudynamys melanorhynchus Black-billed Koel - LC
- Phaenicophaeus calyorhynchus Yellow-billed Malkoha - LC
- Carpococcyx viridis Sumatran Ground-cuckoo - CR
- Centropus goliath Goliath Coucal - LC
- Centropus spilopterus Kai Coucal - LC
- Centropus chalybeus Biak Coucal - NT
- Centropus nigrorufus Sunda Coucal - VU
- Centropus celebensis Bay Coucal - LC
[edit] Strigiformes
[edit] Tytonidae
- Tyto inexspectata Sulawesi Golden Owl - VU
- Tyto nigrobrunnea Taliabu Masked-owl - EN
- Tyto sororcula Lesser Masked-owl - DD
- Tyto rosenbergii Sulawesi Owl - LC
[edit] Strigidae
- Otus umbra Simeulue Scops-owl - NT
- Otus angelinae Javan Scops-owl - VU
- Otus manadensis Sulawesi Scops-owl - LC
- Otus collari Sangihe Scops-owl - LC
- Otus alfredi Flores Scops-owl - EN
- Otus siaoensis Siau Scops-owl - CR
- Otus enganensis Enggano Scops-owl - NT
- Otus beccarii Biak Scops-owl - EN
- Otus mentawi Mentawai Scops-owl - NT
- Otus silvicola Wallace's Scops-owl - LC
- Glaucidium castanopterum Javan Owlet - LC
- Ninox rudolfi Sumba Boobook - NT
- Ninox sumbaensis Little Sumba Hawk-owl - NT
- Ninox ios Cinnabar Hawk-owl - VU
- Ninox ochracea Ochre-bellied Hawk-owl - NT
- Ninox burhani Togian Hawk-owl - NE
- Ninox punctulata Speckled Hawk-owl - LC
[edit] Caprimulgiformes
[edit] Caprimulgidae
- Eurostopodus diabolicus Sulawesi Eared-nightjar - VU
- Caprimulgus celebensis Sulawesi Nightjar - LC
- Caprimulgus pulchellus Salvadori's Nightjar - NT
[edit] Aegothelidae
[edit] Apodiformes
[edit] Apodidae
- Collocalia infuscata Moluccan Swiftlet - LC
- Collocalia vulcanorum Volcano Swiftlet - NT
[edit] Trogoniformes
[edit] Trogonidae
[edit] Coraciiformes
[edit] Coraciidae
[edit] Alcedinidae
- Actenoides monachus Green-backed Kingfisher - NT
- Actenoides princeps Scaly Kingfisher - LC
- Tanysiptera ellioti Kofiau Paradise-kingfisher - DD
- Tanysiptera riedelii Biak Paradise-kingfisher - NT
- Tanysiptera carolinae Numfor Paradise-kingfisher - NT
- Cittura cyanotis Lilac-cheeked Kingfisher - NT
- Caridonax fulgidus White-rumped Kingfisher - LC
- Pelargopsis melanorhyncha Black-billed Kingfisher - LC
- Halcyon cyanoventris Javan Kingfisher - LC
- Todirhamphus diops Blue-and-white Kingfisher - LC
- Todirhamphus lazuli Lazuli Kingfisher - NT
- Todirhamphus funebris Sombre Kingfisher - VU
- Todirhamphus enigma Talaud Kingfisher - NT
- Ceyx fallax Sulawesi Kingfisher - NT
- Alcedo coerulescens Small Blue Kingfisher - LC
[edit] Meropidae
[edit] Bucerotiformes
[edit] Bucerotidae
- Penelopides exarhatus Sulawesi Hornbill - LC
- Aceros cassidix Knobbed Hornbill - LC
- Aceros everetti Sumba Hornbill - VU
[edit] Piciformes
[edit] Ramphastidae
- Megalaima corvina Brown-throated Barbet - LC
- Megalaima javensis Black-banded Barbet - NT
- Megalaima armillaris Flame-fronted Barbet - LC
[edit] Picidae
[edit] Passeriformes
[edit] Pittidae
- Pitta schneideri Schneider's Pitta - VU
- Pitta maxima Ivory-breasted Pitta - LC
- Pitta dohertyi Sula Pitta - NT
- Pitta venusta Graceful Pitta - VU
- Pitta elegans Elegant Pitta - LC
[edit] Ptilonorhynchidae
[edit] Meliphagidae
- Oreornis chrysogenys Orange-cheeked Honeyeater - LC
- Melitograis gilolensis White-streaked Friarbird - LC
- Philemon brassi Brass's Friarbird - NT
- Philemon fuscicapillus Dusky Friarbird - VU
- Philemon moluccensis Black-faced Friarbird - LC
- Philemon subcorniculatus Grey-necked Friarbird - LC
- Melipotes gymnops Arfak Honeyeater - LC
- Melidectes leucostephes Vogelkop Melidectes - LC
- Ptiloprora erythropleura Rufous-sided Honeyeater - LC
- Myza celebensis Dark-eared Myza - LC
- Myza sarasinorum White-eared Myza - LC
- Lichmera lombokia Scaly-crowned Honeyeater - LC
- Lichmera argentauris Olive Honeyeater - LC
- Lichmera limbata Indonesian Honeyeater - LC
- Lichmera squamata White-tufted Honeyeater - LC
- Lichmera deningeri Buru Honeyeater - LC
- Lichmera monticola Seram Honeyeater - LC
- Lichmera notabilis Black-chested Honeyeater - LC
- Myzomela blasii Drab Myzomela - LC
- Myzomela kuehni Crimson-hooded Myzomela - NT
- Myzomela dammermani Sumba Myzomela - LC
- Myzomela chloroptera Sulawesi Myzomela - LC
- Myzomela wakoloensis Wakolo Myzomela - LC
- Myzomela boiei Banda Myzomela - LC
[edit] Acanthizidae
- Sericornis rufescens Vogelkop Scrubwren - LC
- Gerygone hypoxantha Biak Gerygone - EN
- Gerygone dorsalis Rufous-sided Gerygone - LC
[edit] Artamidae
[edit] Campephagidae
- Coracina schistacea Slaty Cuckooshrike - LC
- Coracina personata Wallacean Cuckooshrike - LC
- Coracina atriceps Moluccan Cuckooshrike - LC
- Coracina fortis Buru Cuckooshrike - NT
- Coracina temminckii Cerulean Cuckooshrike - LC
- Coracina bicolor Pied Cuckooshrike - NT
- Coracina leucopygia White-rumped Cuckooshrike - LC
- Coracina parvula Halmahera Cuckooshrike - LC
- Coracina abbotti Pygmy Cuckooshrike - LC
- Coracina dohertyi Sumba Cicadabird - LC
- Coracina sula Sula Cicadabird - LC
- Coracina dispar Kai Cicadabird - NT
- Coracina morio Sulawesi Cicadabird - LC
- Coracina ceramensis Pale Cicadabird - LC
- Lalage leucopygialis White-rumped Triller - LC
- Lalage sueurii White-shouldered Triller - LC
- Lalage aurea Rufous-bellied Triller - LC
- Lalage moesta White-browed Triller - LC
- Pericrocotus lansbergei Flores Minivet - LC
- Pericrocotus miniatus Sunda Minivet - LC
[edit] Pachycephalidae
- Hylocitrea bonensis Olive-flanked Whistler - LC
- Coracornis raveni Maroon-backed Whistler - LC
- Pachycephala phaionota Island Whistler - LC
- Pachycephala sulfuriventer Sulphur-bellied Whistler - LC
- Pachycephala meyeri Vogelkop Whistler - LC
- Pachycephala nudigula Bare-throated Whistler - LC
- Pachycephala griseonota Drab Whistler - LC
- Pachycephala arctitorquis Wallacean Whistler - LC
[edit] Oriolidae
- Sphecotheres hypoleucus Wetar Figbird - NT
- Oriolus bouroensis Black-eared Oriole - LC
- Oriolus forsteni Grey-collared Oriole - LC
- Oriolus phaeochromus Dusky-brown Oriole - LC
[edit] Colluricinclidae
[edit] Dicruridae
- Dicrurus sumatranus Sumatran Drongo - NT
- Dicrurus montanus Sulawesi Drongo - LC
- Dicrurus densus Wallacean Drongo - LC
[edit] Rhipiduridae
- Rhipidura phoenicura Rufous-tailed Fantail - LC
- Rhipidura euryura White-bellied Fantail - LC
- Rhipidura diluta Brown-capped Fantail - LC
- Rhipidura fuscorufa Cinnamon-tailed Fantail - NT
- Rhipidura teysmanni Rusty-bellied Fantail - LC
- Rhipidura superflua Tawny-backed Fantail - LC
- Rhipidura dedemi Streaky-breasted Fantail - LC
- Rhipidura opistherythra Long-tailed Fantail - NT
[edit] Monarchidae
- Eutrichomyias rowleyi Caerulean Paradise-flycatcher - CR
- Monarcha pileatus White-naped Monarch - LC
- Monarcha castus Loetoe Monarch - LC
- Monarcha mundus Black-bibbed Monarch - LC
- Monarcha sacerdotum Flores Monarch - EN
- Monarcha everetti White-tipped Monarch - EN
- Monarcha loricatus Black-tipped Monarch - LC
- Monarcha boanensis Black-chinned Monarch - CR
- Monarcha leucurus White-tailed Monarch - NT
- Monarcha julianae Black-backed Monarch - DD
- Monarcha brehmii Biak Monarch - EN
- Myiagra atra Biak Flycatcher - NT
- Myiagra galeata Dark-grey Flycatcher - LC
[edit] Corvidae
- Corvus typicus Piping Crow - LC
- Corvus unicolor Banggai Crow - CR
- Corvus florensis Flores Crow - EN
- Corvus validus Long-billed Crow - LC
- Corvus fuscicapillus Brown-headed Crow - NT
[edit] Paradisaeidae
- Lycocorax pyrrhopterus Paradise-crow - LC
- Paradigalla carunculata Long-tailed Paradigalla - NT
- Astrapia nigra Arfak Astrapia - LC
- Parotia sefilata Western Parotia - LC
- Cicinnurus respublica Wilson's Bird-of-paradise - NT
- Semioptera wallacii Wallace's Standardwing - LC
- Paradisaea rubra Red Bird-of-paradise - NT
[edit] Petroicidae
- Peneothello cryptoleuca Smoky Robin - LC
- Microeca hemixantha Golden-bellied Flyrobin - NT
- Petroica archboldi Snow Mountain Robin - DD
[edit] Aegithalidae
- Psaltria exilis Pygmy Tit - LC
[edit] Cisticolidae
[edit] Pycnonotidae
- Pycnonotus leucogrammicus Cream-striped Bulbul - LC
- Pycnonotus tympanistrigus Spot-necked Bulbul - NT
- Pycnonotus bimaculatus Orange-spotted Bulbul - LC
- Alophoixus affinis Golden Bulbul - LC
- Hypsipetes virescens Green-winged Bulbul - LC
[edit] Sylviidae
- Tesia superciliaris Javan Tesia - LC
- Tesia everetti Russet-capped Tesia - LC
- Cettia carolinae Tanimbar Bush-warbler - NT
- Bradypterus castaneus Chestnut-backed Bush-warbler - LC
- Phylloscopus sarasinorum Sulawesi Leaf-warbler - LC
- Seicercus grammiceps Sunda Warbler - LC
[edit] Timaliidae
- Trichastoma celebense Sulawesi Babbler - LC
- Trichastoma buettikoferi Sumatran Babbler - NT
- Malacocincla perspicillata Black-browed Babbler - VU
- Napothera rufipectus Rusty-breasted Wren-babbler - LC
- Stachyris grammiceps White-breasted Babbler - NT
- Stachyris thoracica White-bibbed Babbler - LC
- Stachyris melanothorax Crescent-chested Babbler - LC
- Macronous flavicollis Grey-cheeked Tit-babbler - LC
- Garrulax rufifrons Rufous-fronted Laughingthrush - NT
- Alcippe pyrrhoptera Javan Fulvetta - LC
- Crocias albonotatus Spotted Crocias - NT
- Malia grata Malia - LC
[edit] Zosteropidae
- Zosterops salvadorii Enggano White-eye - LC
- Zosterops chloris Lemon-bellied White-eye - LC
- Zosterops grayi Pearl-bellied White-eye - NT
- Zosterops uropygialis Golden-bellied White-eye - NT
- Zosterops consobrinorum Pale-bellied White-eye - LC
- Zosterops anomalus Lemon-throated White-eye - LC
- Zosterops wallacei Yellow-spectacled White-eye - LC
- Zosterops atrifrons Black-crowned White-eye - LC
- Zosterops nehrkorni Sangihe White-eye - CR
- Zosterops stalkeri Seram White-eye - NE
- Zosterops atriceps Creamy-throated White-eye - LC
- Zosterops mysorensis Biak White-eye - NT
- Zosterops buruensis Buru Yellow White-eye - LC
- Zosterops kuehni Ambon Yellow White-eye - NT
- Tephrozosterops stalkeri Bicoloured White-eye - LC
- Madanga ruficollis Rufous-throated White-eye - EN
- Lophozosterops javanicus Javan Grey-throated White-eye - LC
- Lophozosterops squamiceps Streaky-headed White-eye - LC
- Lophozosterops superciliaris Yellow-browed White-eye - LC
- Lophozosterops pinaiae Grey-hooded White-eye - LC
- Lophozosterops dohertyi Crested White-eye - LC
- Heleia crassirostris Thick-billed White-eye - LC
[edit] Sturnidae
- Aplonis crassa Tanimbar Starling - NT
- Aplonis mysolensis Moluccan Starling - LC
- Aplonis magna Long-tailed Starling - LC
- Basilornis celebensis Sulawesi Myna - LC
- Basilornis galeatus Helmeted Myna - NT
- Basilornis corythaix Long-crested Myna - LC
- Streptocitta albicollis White-necked Myna - LC
- Streptocitta albertinae Bare-eyed Myna - NT
- Enodes erythrophris Fiery-browed Myna - LC
- Scissirostrum dubium Finch-billed Myna - LC
- Leucopsar rothschildi Bali Starling - CR
- Sturnus melanopterus Black-winged Starling - EN
[edit] Turdidae
- Myophonus melanurus Shiny Whistling-thrush - LC
- Myophonus glaucinus Javan Whistling-thrush - LC
- Myophonus castaneus Chestnut-winged Whistling-thrush - NE
- Geomalia heinrichi Geomalia - NT
- Zoothera schistacea Slaty-backed Thrush - NT
- Zoothera dumasi Buru Thrush - NT
- Zoothera joiceyi Seram Thrush - NT
- Zoothera leucolaema Enggano Thrush - NT
- Zoothera erythronota Red-backed Thrush - NT
- Zoothera mendeni Red-and-black Thrush - NT
- Zoothera machiki Fawn-breasted Thrush - NT
- Cataponera turdoides Sulawesi Thrush - LC
- Cochoa beccarii Sumatran Cochoa - VU
- Cochoa azurea Javan Cochoa - VU
- Heinrichia calligyna Great Shortwing - LC
[edit] Muscicapidae
- Cinclidium diana Sunda Robin - LC
- Enicurus velatus Sunda Forktail - LC
- Rhinomyias additus Streaky-breasted Jungle-flycatcher - NT
- Rhinomyias oscillans Russet-backed Jungle-flycatcher - LC
- Rhinomyias colonus Henna-tailed Jungle-flycatcher - NT
- Muscicapa segregata Sumba Brown Flycatcher - NT
- Ficedula rufigula Rufous-throated Flycatcher - NT
- Ficedula buruensis Cinnamon-chested Flycatcher - LC
- Ficedula henrici Damar Flycatcher - VU
- Ficedula harterti Sumba Flycatcher - LC
- Ficedula bonthaina Lompobattang Flycatcher - EN
- Cyornis sanfordi Matinan Flycatcher - EN
- Cyornis hoevelli Blue-fronted Flycatcher - LC
- Cyornis ruckii Rueck's Blue-flycatcher - CR
- Cyornis omissus Sulawesi Blue-flycatcher - LC
[edit] Chloropseidae
[edit] Dicaeidae
- Dicaeum annae Golden-rumped Flowerpecker - LC
- Dicaeum aureolimbatum Yellow-sided Flowerpecker - LC
- Dicaeum nehrkorni Crimson-crowned Flowerpecker - LC
- Dicaeum erythrothorax Flame-breasted Flowerpecker - LC
- Dicaeum vulneratum Ashy Flowerpecker - LC
- Dicaeum igniferum Black-fronted Flowerpecker - LC
- Dicaeum celebicum Grey-sided Flowerpecker - LC
- Dicaeum sanguinolentum Blood-breasted Flowerpecker - LC
- Dicaeum trochileum Scarlet-headed Flowerpecker - LC
[edit] Nectariniidae
- Nectarinia buettikoferi Apricot-breasted Sunbird - LC
- Aethopyga duyvenbodei Elegant Sunbird - EN
- Aethopyga eximia White-flanked Sunbird - LC
[edit] Estrildidae
- Lonchura molucca Black-faced Munia - LC
- Lonchura ferruginosa White-capped Munia - LC
- Lonchura quinticolor Five-colored Munia - LC
- Lonchura pallida Pale-headed Munia - LC
- Lonchura vana Grey-banded Munia - VU
- Lonchura montana Snow Mountain Munia - LC
- Padda oryzivora Java Sparrow - VU
Previous page: List of Indonesian birds: passerines
[edit] References
- ^ Lester, Brown, R (1997). State of the World 1997: A Worldwatch Institute Report on Progress Toward a Sustainable Society (14th edition). New York: W. W. Norton & Company, page 7. ISBN 0393040089.
- Birdlife International, The World List of Threatened Birds, ISBN 1-56098-528-3
- Birdlife International, Endemic Bird Areas of the World, ISBN 1-56098-574-7
- Morten Strange, A Photographic Guide to the Birds of Indonesia, ISBN 0-691-11495-1
- Periplus Ac+ion Guides, Birding Indonesia, ISBN 962-593-071-X
- The Howard and Moore, Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World, ISBN 0-691-11701-2