Eigiau Tramway
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| Eigiau Tramway | |
|---|---|
| Locale | Wales |
| Dates of operation | c. 1907–c. 1971 |
| Track gauge | 2 ft (610 mm) |
| Headquarters | Dolgarrog |
The Eigiau Tramway might refer to the Eigiau Quarry Tramway or to the Eigiau Reservoir Tramway.
Contents |
[edit] Eigiau Quarry Tramway
The Eigiau Quarry Tramway was a narrow gauge mile-long horse-powered tramway which operated from c1863 to c1888 and served the Eigiau slate quarry [ref SH702635], near Llyn Eigiau in north Wales. The tramway was an extension of the 4 mile Cedryn Quarry Tramway, operating from c1860 to serve the Cedryn slate quarry [SH719636], a little to the south-west of Llyn Eigiau. The tramway linked these two quarries to Dolgarrog in the Conwy valley.
In 1861 the North Wales Chronicle (1861) refers to "Tenders invited to construct a tram-road 5 miles long from Cwm Eigia [sic] slate quarry to River Conwy". However, the tramway was initially only built as far as Cedryn, and in 1863 the Caernarvon & Denbigh Herald advertised for a contractor to extend west to Cwm Eigiau Quarry. It is entirely possible that the first reference to "Cwm Eigia slate quarry" was in fact a reference to Cedryn, for this quarry was located in Cwm Eigiau.
The mile extension was built some time before 1866, and it is likely that the name "Cwm Eigiau Tramway" became largely synonymous with that of the Cedryn Tramway. Indeed the Caedryn [sic] Slate Quarry Co. Ltd of 1863 became in 1874 the Caedryn [sic] & Cwm Eigiau Slate Co. Ltd, but was dissolved just 11 years later, the slate being of a poor quality.
[edit] Eigiau Reservoir Tramway
The Eigiau Reservoir Tramway was a narrow gauge industrial railway, built from about 1907 to aid the construction of the dam at Eigiau Reservoir. After the reservoir was completed the tramway continued in use to aid in maintenance of the reservoir and its associated feedpipes.
In 1916, when the narrow gauge Cowlyd Tramway was begun, this branching off the Eigiau Tramway at the head of the Dolgarrog inclines, the Eigiau Tramway (including the Dolgarrog inclines) was relaid to narrow gauge.
A breach of the dam on November 2, 1925, resulting in the death of 16 Dolgarrog villagers, effectively spelt the end of the tramway, although a small extension was built in that year to aid the reconstruction of Coedty Dam, which also broke. Use of the Cowlyd tramway continued.
[edit] Route
The tramway ran from Llyn Eigiau, where temporary lines ran north along the line of the dam (which was ¾ mile in length), down to Dolgarrog. The line was built to standard gauge, and largely utilized the route of the former Cedryn/Eigiau Quarry tramway which ran along the lower slopes of Moel EIlio, though at Pwll Du, about half a mile above Coedty reservoir, a small northerly diversion was made in order to avoid a former small incline.
Below Coedty a series of steep inclines ran through Dolgarrog woods down to Dolgarrog. Formerly used to lower the quarry output, they were later used to haul materials for building the dam, and also for hauling steam engines up to the more level part of the tramway. Other than the highest incline, these inclines are now used by two very visible water pipes.
Today, whilst the line of the tramway can easily be followed, and makes a pleasant walk from Eigiau down to the head of the Dolgarrog inclines, there is no evidence of rails or sleepers of any kind. The loading gauge is quite clearly that of a standard gauge railway, and in places there is evidence of minor embankments, cuttings, and a bridge. Towards Llyn Eigiau the Tramway runs along a level path, though the gradients are greater through the woods immediately above Coedty.
[edit] Locomotives
As mentioned above, conversion of the tramway to narrow gauge, i.e. that of the Cowlyd Tramway, enabled the utilization of the same locomotives, though they would have spent much more time on the Cowlyd branch, as Eigiau dam only needed maintenance during the time that Cowlyd dam was being built. Two steam engines are recorded as being used at this time, namely the German built loco Eigiau (Orenstein & Koppel, No. 5668 of 1913, latterly at Penrhyn Quarry, and a Bagnall 0-4-0ST, Works No.2080 of 1918. Upon completion of the dam, and with only maintenance work being envisaged on both dams, Eigiau was taken off, pending sale, and a Simplex diesel loco, Motor Rail 22154 Dolgarrog was acquired in 1922.
[edit] References
- Boyd, James I. C. (1986). Narrow Gauge Railways in North Caernarvonshire: Volume Three The Dinorwic Quarry and Railways, The Great Orme Tramway and other rail systems. The Oakwood Press. ISBN0853613281.
