Edward A. Wild
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Edward Augustus Wild (November 25, 1825 – August 28, 1891) was an American homeopathic doctor and a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
Wild was a native of Brookline, Massachusetts, the second son of homeopath Dr. Charles Wild[1] and his wife Mary. He earned his medical degree in 1846 from Harvard[2] and at [Jefferson Medical College], and he also studied homeopathy, becoming a member of the [Massachusetts Society of Homeopathy].[3] Wild then travelled and studied medicine in Paris, France.
Wild practiced alongside his father as a homeopath physician in Brookline until 1855,[4] when he and his new wife travelled to Turkey. He joined the Turkish Army as a medical officer and served in the Crimean War. He then returned to Massachusetts and resumed his medical practice.
With the outbreak of the Civil War, Wild enlisted in the Union Army as a front-line officer, preferring to command troops rather than treating their injuries. He served as a captain in the 1st Massachusetts Infantry from May 1861 until July 1862. He fought in First Battle of Bull Run and again in the Peninsula Campaign, where he was wounded at the Battle of Seven Pines. On August 21, he was appointed Colonel of the 35th Massachusetts Infantry and assigned to the Army of the Potomac's IX Corps. Wild led his new regiment into combat during the Maryland Campaign. At the Battle of South Mountain, Wild suffered another severe wound, one that necessitated the amputation of his left arm. He returned home to recuperate.
By April 1863, Wild had recovered enough to resume his military duties, and was promoted to brigadier general on April 24 and assigned to recruiting duties. A fervent abolitionist, he aggressively recruited black soldiers for the United States Colored Troops, as well as helping recruit white officers to lead them, including helping Robert Gould Shaw fill his officer complement for the 54th Massachusetts Infantry. Wild was friends with fellow abolitionist and author Harriet Beecher Stowe and enlisted her half-brother, James C. Beecher, as a white officer in one of the new black regiments. When Wild was able to resume his field duties, he freed hundreds of slaves in North Carolina and resettled them safely on Roanoke Island in Virginia, and then recruited many of them to join the military.
Wild took command of a brigade of black infantry that soon became known as "Wild's African Brigade." The brigade, headquartered in Norfolk, was comprised of the 55th Massachusetts Infantry, and the 2nd and 3rd North Carolina Colored Volunteers (which later became renumbered as the 36th and 37th U.S. Colored Troops respectively). Wild's men served in the Charleston, South Carolina, area and saw action in numerous skirmishes and battles in that region, including an expedition to South Mills and Camden Court House in December.
Transferred to the Army of the Potomac in 1864, Wild and his black soldiers participated in the Overland Campaign and the subsequent Siege of Petersburg, Wild's men constructed and manned Fort Pocahontas, an earthen-walled Virginia fort on the James River that withstood an attack on May 24 by Fitzhugh Lee's Confederates.
In early 1865, Wild's men performed picket duty along the Appomattox River. They were a part of the large force of black troops under Godfrey Weitzel that occupied the former Confederate national capital, Richmond, Virginia, holding that city through the end of the war. Wild's men were among those troops who witnessed the historic visit of President Abraham Lincoln to Richmond following the city's fall to the Union forces.
After the war, Wild could no longer practice medicine due to his war injuries. He engaged in silver mining in Nevada as a superintendent of operations. He operated in the Diana Mine, now part of the Berlin-Ichthyosaur State Park near Austin. He traveled extensively in South America. He died in Medellín, Colombia, and was buried in the city's Cementerio de San Pedro.
[edit] References
- ^ Edward A. Wild and the African Brigade in the Civil War By Frances Harding Casstevens page 11
- ^ Edward A. Wild and the African Brigade in the Civil War By Frances Harding Casstevens page 10
- ^ Edward A. Wild and the African Brigade in the Civil War By Frances Harding Casstevens page 11
- ^ Edward A. Wild and the African Brigade in the Civil War By Frances Harding Casstevens page 11
- Heitman, Francis, Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army 1789-1903, Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1903.
- Fort Pocahontas web site
[edit] Further reading
- Casstevens, Frances H., Edward A. Wild and the African Brigade in the Civil War. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 2005. ISBN 978-0-7864-2443-6.
