Talk:Education in Russia

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[edit] Template:Education infobox

I created a template, Template:Education infobox which can give a quick at a glance demographics table for education articles. See its implementation at Education in the United States and feel free to help improve the template.--naryathegreat | (talk) 01:00, August 7, 2005 (UTC)

[edit] Some comments

1. I'm sorry but where did you take the list of major universities? Where are Saint-Petersburg State University or Higher School for Economy?

2. The marks system is beeing upgraded according to Bologna process. It will have 10 possible marks.

3. The 4th class in school is not excluded now. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.19.240.21 (talk)

[edit] Reasons for Americanizing?

I was just wondering if anyone knows the reason for why there is talk of Americanizing Russia's education system. Considering that most Americans have a rather low opinion of their own country's public education system (and not without merit), I assume that there are other factors at play here than the goal of providing a better education for Russian citizens. Also, I heard in my visit to Russia 2 years ago that this change has already started - for example, there are 11 or 12 levels now, whereas before there were only 10. Esn 06:38, 15 January 2007 (UTC)

[edit] History of Education in Russia

Church schools existed in Russia previously to the period of the Mongol Invasion, but the teaching was purely religious. Intellectual progress of all kinds received a severe check during the Tatar domination, lasting 250 years, from which Russia emerged to find herself totally isolated. The clergy, themselves for the most part illiterate, were all-powerful, and they used their power to keep the people in the state of ignorance and superstition. For instance, the Tsar Boris Goudonoff wished to found a Russian University, but the clergy objected, as they considered "that is was not wise to entrust teaching of our youth to the Catholics and Lutherians" whom the Tsar propose to invite to Russia as professors.

Not till 17th century were the first higher schools established, and then only to Kieff, the capital of Ukraine, which then owed allegiance to the Polish Crown.

The Kieff Ecclesiastical Academy was fouded by Peter Mogila, Metropolitan of Kieff, who had studied at the Sorbonne, and in 1685 the Moscow Slavo-Graeco-Latin Academy was founded, the aims of both being strictly theological. With the dawn of 18th century the Church ceased to have the monopoly of education. Peter the Great originated the secular schools for a strictly utilitarian purpose, his aim being the minimum of mental training and the maximum of training for special career in the State. Peter´s plans for an Academy of Sciences were carried through his widow Catherine I in 1726. Russians, however, did not patronize the lecture, although given by men of international reputation, such as Bernouilli, Bulfinger, Euler etc, who in order to comply with the decree of the Academy that they should lecture, lectured to themselves.

Moscow University was founded in 1755. Many Russians were at this time receiving state-paid education at foreign universities - notably Oxford - but with the advent of Alexander I came the endeavour to build a national system of education. Yurieff (Dorpat). founded in 1632, was refounded in 1802, when a Ministry of Education was formed, followed by the creation of the universities of Kharkoff in 1804, St. Petersburg 1819, Kieff 1833, Odessa 1865, Warsaw 1869, Tomsk 1888. But 1812, the year of the burning of Moscow, marked the turning of the tide. Reaction set in, and mereinactivity was soon succeeded by retrogression. Nikolai I on his accession stated his recognition of the "infection of ideas imported from abroad," and proceeded to reform radically the educational system, by which reform he hoped to "cleanse the Russian student´s mind of that disastrious plethora of half-assimilated knowledge, that impulse towards extreme visionary theories, of which the beginning is moral deteriotarion and the end, ruin." His policy was the eradication of a system which imparted a little knowledge in many subjects, and he strongly condemned the classics. All instruction was to be suited to the existing rank of recipient. Existing private schools were suppressed.

The accession of Alexander II in 1855 was the signal for an intellectual revival; restrictions in freedom of thought and speech were removed, and the universities regained the liberaties which they possessed under the statue of 1835.

By the law of 1864 Primary Schools were properly established and their curriculum defined as three R´s, Religion, and Church-singing. Between 1869 and 1871 an Imperial Commission on Secondary Schools was sitting. Among the resolutions passed were: An extension of the course at the gymnasia and the extension of classical education. The assassination of Alexander, however, plunged the country into period of reaction, of which State control and bureaucracy were the foundation stones.

Through the influence of Pobiedonovitseff a considerable share of the work of primary education was handed over to the clergy, and by a series of measures extending from 1884 to 1894 (1) the control of the Lutheran schools in Baltic Russia was transferred to the Central Adminstration in St.Petersburg, (2) Russian took the place of German in secondary schools and universities, (3) in Poland, Russian was made a language of instruction in primary schools in all subjects except religion, whilst the admission of Jews into universities within a "Pale" was limited to 10 per cent., in other provincial universities to 5 per cent., and in St.Petersburg and Moscow to 2 per cent. With Nikolai II and the nineties came general revival of interest in educational matters.

(This is the text published under title EDUCATION in Russian Yearbook 1912.)

JN

[edit] Literacy Rate

is it 99%, pt:Rússia#Educa.C3.A7.C3.A3o99.4% or 100%?--Dwarf Kirlston 13:12, 4 November 2007 (UTC)

99.4% LR According to CIA Factbook.--Dwarf Kirlston 22:03, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

I believe the Literacy rate during the Soviet Union was 100% or was reputed to be 100% - like Education in Cuba - is there any source that substantiates this?--Dwarf Kirlston 22:03, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

A literacy at 100% would be impossible. In the event of a severe mental disorder, maybe it is impossible to learn how to read & write. If a person is badly hurt, this may make it impossible for the person to read and/or write. Blind people may learn to read (Braille patterns), but would they be able to learn how to write? (212.247.11.155 (talk) 23:16, 7 December 2007 (UTC))

[edit] Reserved Seat

I heard that in elementary schools' classes there is a some "reserved seat" for some historical girl. Is there such thing or am I confusing with something else?—Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.224.113.158 (talk • contribs)

That may be true in some schools, but definitely not in every elementary school across the whole country. I've heard of the practice, but I can't recall a specific example, sorry.—Ëzhiki (Igels Hérissonovich Ïzhakoff-Amursky) • (yo?); 19:20, 6 December 2007 (UTC)