Education in the Republic of the Congo
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Congo is a 342,000-square-kilometre country in Equatorial Africa. Its population is 3,883,000 inhabitants of which 47% is less than 15 years old. Life expectancy is 52 years old, and 33% of the population lives in rural areas.
12.6% of the Congolese budget is spent on education; 40% on primary education, 31% on secondary level, and 27% on tertiary level. Only 1% goes to pre-primary education. Education in Congo takes 13 years, from the first level of Primary School to the Higher Certificate. According to the 2005 UNDP report, 82.8% of Congolese are literate.
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[edit] Primary Level
Primary level in the Republic of the Congo takes six years, at least. The average age at which children arrive at school is 5.5 years. Primary school consists of six grades; two preparatory, two elementary, and two medium classes. At the end of the second medium class, the young learner is required to do the Secondary School Entry Test, on which his entry to secondary level is hinged.
[edit] Secondary School
Secondary school takes seven years. It consists of two parts, the first one being “college”, and the second “lycée”.
In the republic of the Congo, a French-speaking Country, the term “college” refers to the first four grades of the Secondary School, including Grades 7, 8, 9 and 10. The term “lycée” (or lycee) on the other hand refers to the three and last grades of Secondary Level, including Grades 11, 12 and 13. There are three kinds of lycées in the country: Agricultural, Technical and General Lycées. The Agricultural lycée welcomes students interested in agriculture. At technical lycée, students are provided with skills on technological field, including mechanics, engineering and architecture, among others. All other students go to the General Lycée.
Both Agricultural and Technical lycées welcome students through a special test, whereas the general lycée is open to all who succeed at the GCSE examination, which occur at the end of Grade 10.
[edit] The General Lycée
Upon entering General lycée, students are asked to choose in Grade 10 which division they want to enter in. In fact, General Lycée consists of two sections with three grades each. Those interested in sciences go to the S division, whereas others go to LE division. Students in Grade 11LE interested in economics go to Subdivision B (for Business), while those interested in languages go to Subdivision A2, and others interested in human sciences enter sub-division A3. Other students go to subdivision A1.
Meanwhile, those in Grade 11S which are interested in biological and/or earth sciences go to Subdivision D, others interested in physics and mathematics go to Subdivision C.
At Grade 13, every student is required to do the Senior School Higher Certificate Examination, no matter which lycée they are studying in.
[edit] List of Senior School Higher Certificates issued in The Republic of Congo
| Senior School Higher Certificate | Grade | Lycée | Concentrations |
|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | 13 LE | General Lycée | French Language, Philosophy, Mathematics |
| A2 | 13 LE | General lycée | French Language, Foreign Languages |
| A3 | 13 LE | General lycée | French Language, Human Sciences |
| B | 13 LE | General lycée | French Language, Economics |
| C | 13 S | General lycée | Mathematics, Physics |
| D | 13 S | General Lycée | Mathematics, Physics, Biological and Earth Sciences |
| E | 13 | Technical Lycée | Mathematics, Physics, Technology |
| F | 13 | Agricultural lycée | Mathematics, Agricultural Science |
| G | 13 | Technical lycée | Mathematics, Technology, Economics |
[edit] Tertiary Level
Most Congolese attend Marien Ngouabi University, once they have got their Higher Certificate, although it is not the only option.
[edit] List of Higher Education Institutions in Congo-Brazzaville
- Marien Ngouabi University
- Christian Polytechnic and Professional Institute of Arts
- Institute of Business and Economical Development
- Mondongo Higher Institute of Agricultural Sciences
[edit] Medical Education in the Republic of Congo
Future physicians and medicine-related officers learn at the faculty of medicine of Marien Ngouabi University. To enter that faculty, they are required to pass a test, plus having succeeded at the Higher Certificate Exam. Most attendees to the faculty have a C or D Higher Certificate.
Education on Medicine takes seven years during which there is no intermediate degree. It consists of three levels; in the first three years, students are taught on general aspects, including anatomy, biochemistry, physiology, molecular biology etc. The next level deals with theoretical medicine and pharmacy. The last level is on training in hospitals.
[edit] References
Higher Education Institutions in Africa yttp://www.chem.ru.ac.za/afuniv.html
Central Intelligence Agency Fact Book https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cf.html
Information from the Congolese Government http://www.congo-site.net/v4x/gnrlty/cg.php
2005 United Nations Development Program Report http://hdr.undp.org/reports/global/2005/pdf/HDR05_HDI.pdf
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