Education in Mexico
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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| Educational oversight
Minister of Public Education
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Secretariat of Public Education Josefina Vázquez Mota |
| National education budget | USD$45,566,979,250 (2004) |
| Primary language(s) of education | Spanish. Available also in Náhuatl and other minority languages. |
| Nationalized system Establishment |
September 25, 1921 |
| Literacy (2000) • Men • Women |
90.5 % 92.5 % 90.6 % |
| Enrollment • Primary • Secondary • Post-secondary |
26.6 million 18.5 million 5.8 million 2.3 million |
| Attainment • Secondary diploma • Post-secondary diploma |
N/A N/A |
| Sources: Sistema Educativo de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. Principales cifras, ciclo escolar 2003-2004 pdf and the 2000 Census (INEGI) | |
Education in Mexico (Spanish: Secretaría de Educación Pública or SEP). Educational standards are set by this Ministry at all levels except in autonomous universities chartered by the government (e.g. UNAM). Accreditation of private schools is accomplished by a mandatory approval and registration with this institution.
The 1917 Constitution provides that education should avoid privileges of religion, and that one religion or its members may not be given preference in education over another. Religious instruction is prohibited in public schools; however, religious associations are free to maintain private schools, which receive no public funds. Proof of Mexican citizenship is required to attend public schools.
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[edit] Education stages
The Mexican school system is organized into Basic Education, Secondary Education and Higher Education components as follows.
Basic Education comprises preschool, primary school, and lower secondary school. Preschool covers children aged three through five and is generally provided in three grades. Pre-school is free but not compulsory.
Primary education provides six years of schooling and is compulsory from age six and is generally completed by age eleven. There are several educational pathways, for specific population groups, including general education, bilingual-bicultural education, community education for children in the isolated regions of the country, and (4) adult education.
Lower-secondary education (3 years) is considered part of basic education and is compulsory. For entry, students are required to have successfully completed six years of primary education.
Secondary Education: Upper-Secondary Education is separate from Basic Education. This stage is non-compulsory and has three pathways: General upper-secondary, Technical professional education, and Technological upper-secondary.
Higher education: There are four pathways of higher Education in Mexico: (1) Universities (4-year colleges and universities, called the licenciatura), (2) Technical institutes (3-year programs in engineering and management), (3) Teacher-training colleges, offering bachelor's degrees in the fields of education, and (4) Technological universities, offering two-year programs to prepare students as Higher University Technicians
[edit] School grades
[edit] Level / Grade, Age (Years old)
- Pre-School, Nursery School
- Kindergarten, 5–6; beginning of "basic" education (educación básica).
- Primaria (Primary School)
- Secundaria (Middle school)
- First grade, 12–13
- Second grade, 13–14
- Third grade, 14–15
- Bachillerato or Preparatoria (Secondary school)
- First grade, 15–16; middle school and high school education (educación media superior).
- Second grade, 16–17
- Third grade, 17–18
- University; beginning of "higher" education (educación superior)
- Four or five years leading to a Licenciatura (Bachelor's degree)
- Postgraduate
- Two to three years leading to a Maestría (Master's Degree)
- Three or more years after the completion of a Doctorado (Master's degree, leading to a Doctor of Philosophy.
[edit] See also
- Telesecundaria, secondary online education in Mexico
[edit] Sources
- Tamez Guerra, Reyes (2004). Sistema Educativo de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. Principales cifras, ciclo escolar 2003-2004. Mexico City: Dirección General de Planeación, Programación y Presupuesto Secretaría de Educación Pública. ISBN 968-5778-12-4.
- Department of State (2004). International Religious Freedom Report 2004. Mexico. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.
- US Department of Education (2003) Education around the World: Mexico.
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[edit] External links
- (Spanish) SEP homepage
