East Liverpool, Ohio
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| East Liverpool, Ohio | |
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| Coordinates: | |
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| Country | United States |
| State | Ohio |
| County | Columbiana |
| Area | |
| - Total | 4.5 sq mi (11.7 km²) |
| - Land | 4.3 sq mi (11.3 km²) |
| - Water | 0.2 sq mi (0.5 km²) |
| Elevation [1] | 768 ft (234 m) |
| Population (2000) | |
| - Total | 13,089 |
| - Density | 3,010.3/sq mi (1,162.3/km²) |
| Time zone | Eastern (EST) (UTC-5) |
| - Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
| ZIP code | 43920 |
| Area code(s) | 330 |
| FIPS code | 39-23730[2] |
| GNIS feature ID | 1061038[1] |
| Website: http://www.eastliverpool.com/ | |
East Liverpool is a city in Columbiana County, Ohio, United States. The population was 13,089 at the 2000 census. It is located along the Ohio River and borders the states of Pennsylvania and West Virginia.
Long known as the "Pottery Capital of the World," East Liverpool and the immediate area are still home to three major potteries. The city is perhaps best known as the hometown of former University of Notre Dame football coach Lou Holtz, and as the city to which the body of slain bank robber Pretty Boy Floyd was taken for embalming. The Point of Beginning is just east of the city, on the Ohio-Pennsylvania border.
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[edit] History
East Liverpool was originally named St. Clair by Thomas Fawcett, one of the earliest land owners, in 1800 after Arthur St. Clair, who at that time was Governor of the Northwest Territory. It was called Fawcettstown for a time by the local residents. It was incorporated as East Liverpool in 1834 when a Liverpool in western Ohio (now defunct) protested the use of its name by this newer eastern town.
James Bennett, an English potter, established the pottery industry in East Liverpool, and it became the community's leading employer. East Liverpool became known as "The Crockery City." East Liverpool once produced more than half of the United States's annual ceramics output. Throughout East Liverpool's famed ceramics history, there were more than 300 potteries. Of these, just three remain: The Hall China Company, the Homer Laughlin China Company (located across the Ohio River in Newell, West Virginia) and Pioneer Pottery.
Among the most famous of East Liverpool's ceramics output was the porcelain known as Lotus Ware. Produced by Knowles, Taylor & Knowles in the 1890s, this Moorish- and Persian-influenced artware swept the competition at the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago. It is generally considered to be the finest porcelain ever produced in the United States. The Museum of Ceramics in downtown East Liverpool has the country's largest public display of Lotus Ware.
Since the mid-1960s or so, East Liverpool's pottery industry has steadily declined. This has been due mostly to the fact that pottery workers in less-developed countries--among them China, South Korea and Taiwan--are paid a small fraction of the hourly wage expected by American workers.
In the mid-1990s, the city renovated its downtown district, with Great Depression-era lightposts, a new center of town called Devon's Diamond, and the reconstruction of the old High School's clocktower, which is now home of the East Liverpool High School Alumni Association.
[edit] Toxic waste incinerator
The Waste Technologies Industries (WTI) toxic waste incinerator, the largest such facility in the United States,[1] was completed in 1992. Built near a public school and a flood plain in the city's East End, the incinerator was the target of heated protests from 1990 onwards, led most notably by local nurse Terri Swearingen. The incinerator controversy became a significant political issue during the 1992 U.S. presidential campaign. Senator Al Gore, then the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States, pledged that he would stop the plant's opening if elected. However, the operating permit for the incinerator was issued by EPA in late 1992 before the Clinton/Gore team was inaugurated in 1993. Gore was occasionally picketed by opponents of the plant for several years thereafter.
[edit] Geography
East Liverpool is located at (40.628510, -80.569063)[3].
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.5 square miles (11.7 km²), of which, 4.3 square miles (11.3 km²) of it is land and 0.2 square miles (0.5 km²) of it (3.97%) is water.
[edit] Demographics
As of the census[2] of 2000, there were 13,089 people, 5,261 households, and 3,424 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,010.3 people per square mile (1,161.8/km²). There were 5,743 housing units at an average density of 1,320.8/sq mi (509.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 92.85% White, 4.81% African American, 0.24% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.21% from other races, and 1.76% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.72% of the population.
There were 5,261 households out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.5% were married couples living together, 16.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.9% were non-families. 30.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.01.
In the city the population was spread out with 27.1% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 20.8% from 45 to 64, and 16.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 86.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $23,138, and the median income for a family was $27,500. Males had a median income of $27,346 versus $18,990 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,656. About 21.5% of families and 25.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 35.2% of those under age 18 and 13.0% of those age 65 or over.
[edit] Notable natives
- Dan Adkins - Comic book artist for Marvel and other companies grew up in East LIverpool
- Bernie Allen - Professional baseball player. Second baseman for the Minnesota Twins (1962-1966), The Washington Senators (1967-1971), The New York Yankees (1972-1973) and the Montreal Expos (1973).
- Charles King Boyd (1918-1944) was posthumously decorated with the Dutch Military Order of William (the Dutch equivalent of the Congressional Medal of Honor) for his bravery in Operation Market Garden.
- Ben Feldman (1912-1993) - one of the most prolific salespeople in world history.
- Hans Hacker - Artist/art historian, ceramic designer
- Lou Holtz - Author, television commentator, motivational speaker, and former NCAA football head coach.
- O. O. McIntyre - Feature writer for East Liverpool Morning Tribune before going on to reach 7,000,000 readers daily with his syndicated column
- Donald Schreckengost - Artist and designer; brother of Viktor Schreckengost
- Jabez Vodrey - Prominent early potter
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ a b US Board on Geographic Names. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ a b American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990. United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
[edit] External links
- East Liverpool, Ohio is at coordinates Coordinates:
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