Duttaphrynus

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Duttaphrynus
Duttaphrynus melanostictus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Bufonidae
Genus: Duttaphrynus
Frost et al., 2006
Species

See table.

Duttaphrynus is a genus of true toads. Endemic to southwestern and southern China (including Taiwan and Hainan) throughout southern Asia from northern Pakistan and Nepal through India to Sri Lanka, Andaman Island, and Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and Bali.

Contents

[edit] Description

These toads are characterized by heads with prominent bony ridges, viz. a canthal, a pre-orbital, a supraorbital, a postorbital, and a short orbito-tympanic; snout short, blunt; interorbital space broader than the upper eyelid; tympanum very small, not half the diameter of eye, generally indistinct. Their first finger extends beyond the second; toes about half webbed, with single subarticular tubercles; two moderate metatarsal tubercles ; no tarsal fold. Their tarsometatarsal articulation reaches the eye, or between the eye and the tip of the snout. Their upper surfaces feature irregular, distinctly porous warts with prominent parotoids which are elliptical and twice or twice and a half as long as broad. They are brown above, yellow beneath and marbled with brown. Males have a subgular vocal sac. They are typically 3 inches long.[1] This genus was previously assigned to Bufo melanostictus group. Frost et al. suggested that Duttaphrynus is only distantly related to other Asiatic bufonids, and consequently moved these species in 2006 to a separate genus.[2]

[edit] Species

Binomial Name and Author Common Name
Duttaphrynus crocus (Wogan, Win, Thin, Lwin, Shein, Kyi & Tun, 2003)
Duttaphrynus cyphosus (Ye, 1977) Projective-occiputed Toad
Duttaphrynus himalayanus (Günther, 1864) Himalayan Broad-skulled Toad
Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) Common Indian Toad
Duttaphrynus microtympanum (Boulenger, 1882) Small-eared Toad
Duttaphrynus noellerti (Manamendra-Arachchi & Pethiyagoda, 1998)

[edit] References

  1. ^ Boulenger, G. A. (1890) Fauna of British India. Reptilia and Batrachia
  2. ^ Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006: The Amphibian Tree of Life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 364-365

[edit] External Links


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