Dutch standards

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Dutch Standards are environmental pollutant reference values used in environmental remediation, investigation and cleanup.^[1] ^[2]

The reference values for soil are adjusted for the organic matter (humus) content and soil fraction < 0.2 µm (lutum - Latin, meaning "mud" or "clay"). The values below are calculated for a 'Standard Soil' with 10% organic matter and 25% lutum.

The reference values for groundwater depend on the depth of the sample, the values below are for 'shallow' groundwater, 0 - 10 m depth.

A case of environmental contamination is defined as 'serious' if >25 m³ soil or >100 m³ groundwater is contaminated above the intervention value.

Parameter	Soil (mg/kg dry matter)		Groundwater (µg/l)
	reference value	intervention value	reference value	intervention value
I metals
cadmium (Cd)	0.8	12	0.4	6
chromium (Cr)	100.0	380	1	30
copper (Cu)	36.0	190	15	75
nickel (Ni)	35.0	210	15	75
lead (Pb)	85.0	530	15	75
zinc (Zn)	140	720	65	800
mercury (Hg)	0.3	10.0	0.05	0.3
arsenic (As)	29.0	55.0	10	60
barium (Ba)	160	625	50	625
cobalt (Co)	9.0	240	20	100
molybdenum (Mo)	3.0	200	5	300
antimony (Sb)	3.0	15	0.15	10
beryllium (Be)	1.1	30	0.05	15
silver (Ag)	-	15	-	40
selenium (Se)	0.7	100	0.07	160
tellurium (Te)	-	600	-	70
thallium (Th)	1.0	15	2	7
tin (Sn)	-	900	2.2	50
vanadium (V)	42.0	250	1.2	70

II inorganic compounds
cyanides - free	1	20	5	1500
cyanides - complex (pH < 5)	5	650	10	1500
cyanides - complex (pH >= 5)	5	50	10	1500
thiocyanates	1	20	-	1500
bromide	20	-	300	-
chloride	-	-	100000	-
fluoride	500	-	500	-

III (volatile) aromatic compounds
benzene	0.01	1	0.20	30
toluene	0.01	130	7.00	1000
ethyl benzene	0.03	50	4.00	150
xylene	0.1	25	0.20	70
phenol	0.05	40	0.2	2000
cresols	0.05	5	0.2	200
catechol	0.05	20	0.2	1250
resorcinol	0.05	10	0.2	600
hydroquinone	0.05	10	0.2	800
dodecylbenzene	-	1000	-	0.02
styrene (vinylbenzene)	0.3	100	6	300

IV polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)
PAH (sum of 10)	1	40	-	-
naphthalene	-	-	0.01	70
phenanthrene	-	-	0.003	5
anthracene	-	-	0.0007	5
fluoranthene	-	-	0.003	1
benzo(a)anthracene	-	-	0.0001	0.5
chrysene	-	-	0.003	0.2
benzo(k)fluoroanthene	-	-	0.0004	0.05
benzo(a)pyrene	-	-	0.0005	0.05
benzo(ghi)perylene	-	-	0.0003	0.05
indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene	-	-	0.0004	0.05

V chlorinated hydrocarbons
dichloromethane	0.4	10	0.01	1000
trichloromethane	0.02	10	6	400
carbon tetrachloride	0.4	1	0.01	10
trichloroethylene	0.1	60	24	500
tetrachloroethylene	0.002	4	0.01	40
1,1-dichloroethane	0.02	15	7	900
1,2-dichloroethane	0.02	4	7	400
1,2-dichloroethene (cis. trans) *	0.2	1	0.01	20
1,1-dichloroethene	0.1	0.3	0.01	10
vinyl chloride	0.01	0.1	0.01	5
1,1,1-trichloroethane	0.07	15	0.01	300
1,1,2-trichloroethane	0.4	10	0.01	130
chlorobenzene (sum)	0.03	30	-	-
monochlorobenzene	-	-	7	180
dichlorobenzenes (sum)	-	-	3	50
trichlorobenzenes (sum)	-	-	0.01	10
tetrachlorobenzenes (sum)	-	-	0.01	2.5
pentachlorobenzene	-	-	0.003	1
hexachlorobenzene	-	-	0.00009	0.5
chlorophenols (sum)	0.01	10	-	-
monochlorophenols (sum)	-	-	0.3	100
dichlorophenols (sum)	-	-	0.2	30
trichlorophenols (sum)	-	-	0.03	10
tetrachlorphenols (sum)	0.01	10
pentachlorophenol	-	-	0.04	3
chloronaphthalene	-	-	-	6
polychlorobiphenyl (sum)	0.02	1	0.01	0.01
EOX	0.3	-	-	-
dioxin	-	0.001	-	0.001ng/l
monochloraniline	0.005	50	-	30
dichloroaniline	0.005	50	-	100
trichloroaniline	-	10	-	10
tetrachloroaniline	-	30	-	10
pentachloroaniline	-	10	-	1
4-chloromethylphenols	-	15	-	350
dichloropropanes	0.002	2	0.8	80

VI insecticides
DDT/DDD/DDE	0.01	4	0.004 ng/l	0.01
drins	0.005	4	-	0.1
aldrin	0.00006	-	0.009 ng/l	-
dieldrin	0.0005	-	0.1 ng/l	-
endrin	0.00004	-	0.04 ng/l	-
HCH-compounds	-	2	0.05	1
α-HCH	0.003	-	33 ng/l	-
β-HCH	0.009	-	8 ng/l	-
γ-HCH	0.00005	-	9 ng/l	-
carbaryl	-	5	2 ng/l	50
carbofuran	-	2	9 ng/l	100
maneb	-	35	0.05 ng/l	0.1
atrazine	0.0002	6	29 ng/l	150
chlordane	-	4	0.02 ng/l	0.2
heptachlor	-	4	0.005 ng/l	0.3
heptachlor-epoxide	-	4	0.005 ng/l	3
endosulfan	-	4	0.2 ng/l	5
organic tin compounds (sum)	-	2.5	0.05-16 ng/l	0.7
azinphos-methyl	0.000005	2	0.1 ng/l	2
MCPA	-	-	0.02	50

VII Other contaminants
cyclohexanone	0.1	45	0.5	15000
ftalates (sum)	0.1	60	0.5	5
mineral oil	50	5000	50	600
pyridine	0.1	0.5	0.5	30
tetrahydrofuran	0.1	2	0.5	300
tetrahydrothiophene	0.1	90	0.5	5000
(mono)ethylene glycol	-	100	-	5500
diethylene glycol	-	270	-	13000
acrylonitrile	0.000007	0.1	0.08	5
formaldehyde	-	0.1	-	50
methanol	-	30	-	24000
butanol	-	30	-	5600
1,2 butylacetate	-	200	-	6300
methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE)	-	100	-	9200
methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)	-	35	-	6000
tribromomethane	-	75	-	630
ethylacetate	-	75	-	15000
isopropanol	-	220	-	31000