Duolun
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Duolun (Chinese: 多伦; pinyin: Duolun; Mongolian: Долоон нуур, Doloon nuur, seven lakes; also: To-lun, Dolon Nor, Dolonnur), is a town of the Xilin Gol League in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, China. (Location: .) It is of historical importance because the remnants of Xanadu, the summer capital of Kubilai Khan and the following Mongol emperors of the Yuan Dynasty (13th and 14th century), are located some 17 miles north-west of the modern town. Beginning in the 17th century, the Manchu emperors of the Qing Dynasty developed the city as a religious center.[1]
A 1911 description of the city reads as follows: "The town proper almost exclusively occupied by Chinese, is about a mile in length by half a mile in breadth, has narrow and dirty streets, and contains a population of about 26,000. Unlike the ordinary Chinese town of the same rank, it is not walled. A busy trade is carried on between the Chinese and the Mongolians, who bring in their cattle, sheep, camels, hides and wool to barter for tea, tobacco, cotton and silk. At some distance from the Chinese town lies the Mongolian quarter, with two groups of lama temples and villages occupied by about 2300 priests. Dr Williamson (Journeys in North China, 1870) described the chief temple as a huge oblong building with an interior not unlike a Gothic church. Lamamiao is the seat of a manufactory of bronze idols and other articles of ritual, which find their way to all parts of Mongolia and Tibet. The craftsmen work in their own houses."
In 1933 the city was the object of fighting between the Japanese and their Manchukuoan puppet troops and the Chahar People's Anti-Japanese Army.
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
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