Dumka
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| ?Dumka Jharkhand • India |
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| Coordinates: | |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| Area • Elevation |
• 137 m (449 ft) |
| District(s) | Dumka |
| Population | 44,917 (2001) |
Dumka is a city and a municipality in and headquarters of Dumka district in the state of Jharkhand, India.
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[edit] Origin of name
Dumka derives its name from a Persian word damin-i-koh, which means 'skirts (an edge, border or extreme part) of the hills'. The Mughals assigned this name to this and nearby areas on account of presence of hillocks and undulating terrain.
[edit] Geography
Dumka is located at .[1] It has an average elevation of 137 metres (449 feet).
The Dumka district has an area of 3716.02 Sq. KM. and consists of only one sub division namely Dumka. Under the Dumka sub division, there are 10 blocks namely Dumka, Gopikander, Jama, Jarmundi, Kathikund, Maslia, Ramgarh, Raneshwar, Shikaripara and Saraiyahat.
PHYSIOGRAPHY
Dumka has predominantly undulating terrain with hard rocks in the underground. The entire district has a topography with high ridges and valleys bounded by mountains and rivers. The fertility of soil is poor due to extensive erosion, acidic character and low retaining capacity.
DISTRICT PROFILE
Geographical Area Sub Divisions Blocks Municipality
Notified Area Committee Villages Gram Panchayats
3716.02 Sq. KM 01 10 01 01 2943 20
[edit] History
Stone-age: On the basis of tools unearthed the original inhabitants appear to be the Mon-khmers and the Mundas.
Early History: The earlier inhabitants of the present-day district of whom there is same record, it appears, were the Paharias (for example, the Maler and Sauria Paharias). The Greek traveler Megasthenes identified these people as Mallis. He referred to the Sauria Paharias as savars of Orisa.
Medieval History: Due to inaccessibility of the area caused by the cliffs of the Rajmahal Hills, it was a place of strategic economic importance, with a fort at Teliagarhi.
After the 1539 victory of Sher Shah Suri at Chousa, the area fell into the hands of the Afghans, but it was soon lost to the Mughals under Akbar when Hussain Quli Khan was made viceroy of Bengal.
British Period: The English representative, Dr. Gabriel Bokgliton, procured a farman from Shah Jahan.
1742-1751: The area of Dumka close to Rajmahal witnessed frequent inroads by the Marathas under Raghoji Bhosle and Peshwa Balaji Rao.
1745: Raghoji Bhosle entered Rajmahal via the hills and jungles of Santal Pargana. The early stay of the English was spent in subduing the Paharias.
1769: Dumka remained a Ghatwali police post under Birbhum District of Bengal.
1775: Dumka was transferred to Bhagalpur Division.
1865: Dumka was made an independent district after being carved out of Bhagalpur.
1872: Dumka was made headquarters of the whole district of Santal Pargana.
1902: The first municipality was established.
1920: Motor cars and buses were introduced.
1983: Dumka made divisional headquarters of Santal Pargana.
2000: Dumka became the sub-capital of Jharkhand.
[edit] Geography
Dumka is located at .[2] It has an average elevation of 137 metres (449 feet).
[edit] Demographics
As of 2001 India census,[3] Dumka had a population of 44,917. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Dumka has an average literacy rate of 76%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 80% and, female literacy is 71%. In Dumka, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.but after 5 years its literacy rate is increase and now it became 82%,also literacy rate of female is grown and reached up to 79%.
[edit] Politics
Its first Chief Minister was Babulal Marandi, previously an MP from Dumka district. Madhu Koda is present Chief Minister. Sibu Soren is another familiar controversial leader. His political career has been mired in controversies, starting since Indira Gandhi's prime ministership. Recently, he has been sent to Dumka jail after being convicted of murdering his private secretary Shashinath Jha.
[edit] Institutions
The district is known for good educational fascilities. St. Teresa High school (for girls) and Holy Child (co-ed) are one of the early institutions which are known for good standard of education. St. Joseph's High School (co-ed till 6th std., for boys only from 7th std.), Guhiajori (10 KM from main city) is another well reputed school. In the main city, St. Joshep's school is run by Fr. Sahayraj.c affiliated under ICSE.
[edit] NELC
Dumka is also the head-quarter of the Northern Evangelical Lutheran Church (NELC), which is especially important among the santal people in the district. This headquarter also administer a lot of property in West Bengal and Assam. Mornai Tea Estate in Goalpara, Assam is a particularly important industry for the economy of the NELC. They also administer the Don Bosco School in Dumka Sido kanhu high school is another school located just beside the town police station which also provides good education focilities to the budding talents of this town.
[edit] Education
The town has very good colleges and schools. S.P. College leads the pack and offers graduation in social science, pure science, economics, mathematics and other subjects. Dumka also has a polytechnic and an ITI but unfortunately no engineering, medical or dental college, so those who wish to pursue a career in these subjects have to move out of the city. It has a very good school St Joseph's High School situated at Guhiajori, 10km from main city. This school is surrounded by mountains. This school has excellent academic facilities and a good infrastructure for sports. This school is considered as one of the best school in Jharkhand (erstwhile South Bihar). Many hockey and football players emerged from here.
[edit] References
- ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Dumka
- ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Dumka
- ^ Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns. (Provisional). Census Commission of India. Retrieved on 2007-09-03.
