Talk:Duck and Cover (film)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

	Duck and Cover (film) is a former featured article candidate. Please view the links under Article milestones below to see why the nomination failed. For older candidates, please check the archive.
Article milestones Date Process Result August 22, 2004 Peer review Reviewed March 19, 2005 Featured article candidate Not promoted This article was on the Article Collaboration and Improvement Drive for the week of March 6, 2005. Current Status: Former featured article candidate

	Duck and Cover (film) is part of the Cold War WikiProject, an effort to build a comprehensive and detailed guide to the Cold War on the Wikipedia. This includes but is not limited to the people, places, things, and events, and anything else associated with the Cold War. If you would like to participate, you can edit the article attached to this page, or visit the project page, where you can join the project and/or contribute to the discussion.
B	This article has been rated as B-Class on the quality scale.
???	This article has not yet received a rating on the importance scale.

	This article is within the scope of the Military history WikiProject. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the project and see lists of open tasks and regional and topical task forces. To use this banner, please see the full instructions.
Start	This article has been rated as Start-Class on the quality scale.
Additional information and associated task forces: This article has been checked against the following criteria for B-Class status: Referencing and citation: criterion not met Coverage and accuracy: criterion met Structure: criterion met Grammar: criterion met Supporting materials: criterion met Associated task forces (general topics): War films task force

	Film Portal This article is within the scope of WikiProject Films. This project is a central gathering of editors working to build comprehensive and detailed articles for film topics on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, you can edit the article attached to this page, or visit the project page, where you can join the project and/or contribute to the discussion.
B This article has been rated as B-Class on the quality scale. Mid This article has been rated as Mid-importance on the priority scale.
Editing Guidelines Please remember these guidelines when editing a film article: If a non-film article already exists with the name of the film that you are trying to create an article for, disambiguate and use (film) in the title: Film Title (film) For more information see: Wikipedia:Naming conventions (films) When writing an article about a particular film, the general format should be a concise lead section, followed by a plot summary of no more than 900 words, production details, a cast list, a reception section, and references. Create an Infobox that tells all pertinent information about the film.
Additional Information: This article has been checked against the following criteria for B-Class status: Referencing and citation: not checked Coverage and accuracy: not checked Structure: not checked Grammar: not checked Supporting materials: not checked To fill out this checklist, please add the following to the template call: <!-- 1. It is suitably referenced, and all major points are appropriately cited. --> |B-Class-1=yes/no <!-- 2. It reasonably covers the topic, and does not contain major omissions or inaccuracies. --> |B-Class-2=yes/no <!-- 3. It has a defined structure, including a lead section and one or more sections of content. --> |B-Class-3=yes/no <!-- 4. It is free from major grammatical errors. --> |B-Class-4=yes/no <!-- 5. It contains appropriate supporting materials, such as an infobox, images, or diagrams. --> |B-Class-5=yes/no Related task forces (general): War films task force

Contents 1 Separation 2 Best method of defence 3 POVness about efficacy 4 Misses the point 4.1 2nd FAC nomination, failed 5 Track Record 6 Controversy 7 Watch out for Vandalism 8 Requested move 8.1 Survey 8.2 Discussion 9 Fair use rationale for Image:Lea headline.JPG

[edit] Separation

Do we need separate articles for Duck and Cover and duck and cover? If yes, how the material should be separated between them? Paranoid 08:30, 27 Jul 2004 (UTC)

• I think so (although I'm a mite biased). Duck and Cover was a film, wheras duck and cover (lowercase) was a strategy. The two are, of course, inter-related, but I would say with conviction they are quite separate. If nothing else, D&C falls under the category 1951 films (if I can find it) and that alone might be enough to call it separate. -Litefantastic 14:13, 27 Jul 2004 (UTC)
  • I don't know if this should be mentioned somewhere but California had to take the time to transform the whole "Duck and Cover" idea to "Duck and Hold" for earthquake situations. --Allyunion 09:24, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)
    • Interesting. Could you provide more information? -Litefantastic 11:57, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)
      • I've never heard it described as that name, but California schoolchildren have earthquake drills which are basically the same as the nuclear drills. (I did them myself) Actually at my elementary school we also had duck and cover drills for armed psychopaths with AK-47s but I'm sure that was probably a local phenomenon. --Fastfission 04:51, 21 Sep 2004 (UTC)

If we are keeping these 2 articles separate, perhaps the text starting from "Possibly..." to "...blocker." into Duck and cover, since it deals with the method of defence, not the film itself. A short introduction of why the movies was made is still in order, but it would make sense to direct the reader to another article if he wants to read about the reasoning behind the method. Paranoid 16:21, 21 Sep 2004 (UTC)

• if you feel so inclined. But it would, as you say, still need soem sort of introduction. -Litefantastic 16:38, 21 Sep 2004 (UTC)

[edit] Best method of defence

When the nuclear bomb strikes, place your head between your legs and kiss your ass goodbye. Shorne 07:09, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

[edit] POVness about efficacy

The discussion of efficacy is POV and, in fact, largely wrong. While it is currently fashionable to ridicule the advice in this film, most of it is actually sound. (That isn't to say that the techniques would be totally effective, but they would greatly reduce the number and severity of casualties over a large "borderline" zone, which is usually many times larger than the zone in which such precautions are futile.) For example, the statement "at most distances in which an atomic flash would be seen, ... the intense heat and radiation from a nuclear explosion would be little guarded against by such a simple action". This statement is quite false, in several ways at once:

• It should be obvious that the flash can be seen for a much greater distance than that at which it is intense enough to burn you (in fact for a high altitude burst at night it may be seen for hundreds of kilometres);
• The flash is not instantaneous, but sustained over a period. (Significant burning brightness only lasts about 1 second with the weapons available when this film was made, although with large megatonne class weapons it may last five seconds or more.) The sooner you get out of the light, the better;
• Except for neutron bombs, or extremely small bombs, the distance at which a person in the open may be killed by blast effects (specifically, flying objects or by being knocked down by blast, rather than direct crushing) is much greater than the distance at which flash burns are likely to be fatal, which in turn is much greater than the range at which prompt radiation is likely to be fatal; and
• The area over which laying down is likely to be an effective protection against blast effects is as much as a hundred times larger than the area over which it will be futile (exact ratio depending on bomb size and terrain.)

Another example: "...in one scene, a father is shown holding a newspaper over his face as soon as he sees the flash. A newspaper is, in fact suitably thick enough to shield against alpha radiation, but would be torn to shreads [sic] by the shock wave." Yes, it very likely will be torn to pieces by the shockwave; but over most of the affected region, the prompt radiation and burning flash intensity are long over by the time the shockwave arrives. That is why whitewashing windows is also a useful protection (by the time the blast smashes the windows, the flash is no longer bright enough to ignite interior furnishings - of course exterior flammables need to be protected too). But what is quite wrong is the idea that the paper is supposed to protect against alpha rays. Alpha rays have a maximum range in air of only a few inches, so if you need protection from prompt alpha, you are actually inside the fireball!! In fact, the paper is to reduce the severity of flash burns to exposed skin. Certainly better protection would be desirable if it could be found, but the point of the illustration is that if nothing better can be found, even a piece of paper can offer sufficient opacity to make the difference between blindness plus third degree burns over the whole head and hands, versus a bad sunburn plus third degree burns to the knuckles only. At Hiroshima, two thirds of those who died on the first day (before they could receive medical aid, in other words) were burn victims. The shade from a simple piece of paper can make the difference between mild burns that can be treated by a first-aider, and those that will kill before medical services can be reestablished. Securiger 12:30, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

I agree that there might be some POV in this area, but you make a number of errors in your comment. First, the obvious - when you see the flash, it's already too late.

As I pointed out above, this is incorrect. For protection against flash from a 1951 era nuke, you have only a fraction of a second to respond, it's true. This is possible but would require a high degree of training; that would be a valid criticism of efficacy. However for protection against flash from a larger weapon, or blast from any weapon, you may have several seconds in which to respond. In fact, from a very large weapon you may have as much as 30~40 seconds between seeing the flash, and the shockwave arriving. Securiger

Burn and radiation got you.

There are very few situations under which prompt radiation is your major concern. Fallout, yes - but you've got time to think about that later. Flash burns depend on a lot of factors - the clarity of the air, the humidity, skin colour, and the amount of clothing people are wearing. But there is a large margin where reducing your exposure by even 1 second can make a big difference. Also, suppose that our hypothetical attack on Calgary occurs during a rain storm. With most people indoors, the rest rugged up, and poor transmisibility in the air, the effects of flash will be comparatively minor. In this case, protection from blast is what matters, and for that you may have 20 seconds. Of course, the attack on Calgary might not be during a rain storm, but these drills are about improving the odds, not 100% protection. I think that's what most people have failed to grasp. Securiger

Second, since most scenarious involved bombs dropped on large cities, most of the area where duck and cover would be useful would be outside of cities, where almost noone lives (compared to people in the target cities that would not benefit much from D&C). Of course, there is still some useful advice in the film, but it isn't clear how much of it. Paranoid 13:35, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

The advice would only be futile for everyone if the fireball overlapped the entire city. Unless we are talking about a very small city, they just didn't make nukes that big. Securiger

I think most of the discussion of efficacy should be moved to duck and cover as it is more relevant there.

Maybe. I would be more inclined to merge the two articles, but I don't feel strongly about it. However if you mean to fully expand an article on US Civil Defense strategy it should be under a broader title than "duck and cover" as there was rather more to it. Securiger

Also, from that page, the method of defence was promoted till the 1980s (perhaps until the Soviet Union collapsed, or until Gorbachec intensified the disarmament).

Intensification of Russian nuclear disarmament did not begin until the late 90s, long after Gorbachev. Also, "this method of defence" refers to a last minute drill if caught totally by surprise. In 1951, there was a pretty good chance of that happening. By the 1980s, there was a reasonable expectation of several minutes warning in the worst case, and up to 40 minutes warning for most ICBMs. Securiger

Even though it would make some sense in 1951 when the film was made, because the weapons were relatively weak, by 1960s already, when thermonuclear weapons became reality, the advice would be almost completely devoid of usefulness. According to an article like this [1], an area around the epicentre with the diameter of 20 km will be totally destroyed (cover or no cover) the ring between 10 and 15 km (in radius) will be a continuous fire

The article you cite is giving a "worst case" scenario, and even then seems to exaggerate a little. For a start, it is for a 10 MT warhead. Weapons of this size (or larger) represented about 1% of the Soviet arsenal, and were mostly targetted at super-hardened military sites. A more likely warhead for Calgary would be 550 kT, of which they had bazillions. Secondly, their claim of 7 mi total destruction for 10 MT is somewhat larger than most other sources, which cite 5 mi. Thirdly zone of total destruction refers to demolition of conventional buildings. It doesn't necessarily mean that human survival in that region is impossible; on the contrary, at Hiroshima many people survived well within the zone of total destruction, and even a few at ground zero.

and anyone outside will perhaps be permanently blinded and have 3rd degree burns (no matter whether he ducks afterwards or not).

The radius for third degree burns to unprotected skin from a 10 MT bomb, in clear weather, is indeed immense. However "whether he ducks or not" matters a huge amount. A bomb of this size takes as much as 5 seconds to deliver its flash, and during that time any amount of shading will reduce the severity of the burns. Cutting the received flash by 60% is all it takes to reduce all the way from 3rd degree burns over all exposed skin (probably fatal, if medical services are disrupted) down to a sunburn (no treatment necessary).Securiger 15:24, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

This means that a bomb dropped on any city would pretty much destroy it and kill or main everyone there regardless of ducking and covering. So may be we should clarify that the film was not as stupid, as its use (and promotion of the duck and cover method) over the following decades. Paranoid 13:49, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Which is why I say sometimes. I got that piece of info from the duck and cover page, so this isn't me making things up. -Litefantastic 23:21, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)

[edit] Misses the point

The main criticism of Duck and Cover type propaganda is not that it's inaccurate, it is that it belittles the horror of nuclear war through a literally cartoonish depiction of its effects. The point of this propaganda was not so much to minimize the harm of a nuclear attack, it was to introduce a sense of normality into the Cold War, so that the population would accept the constant threat of MAD instead of participating in the nascent peace and disarmament movement.

The emotional value of having a room full of children hiding under their school desks in a nuclear war exercise was, from the perspective of the planners, far greater than any amount of prevention: Instead of associating the concept of nuclear war with ghastly images of women and children burned to death in the ruins of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, it created a sense of security and the belief that after such a war, there would still be a society to hold on to, that they, personally, had a realistic chance of survival if they just followed the instructions. The purpose of the propaganda was to mitigate the human drive of self-preservation so that it would not turn into social activism.

The article presently completely fails to address this sociological side of the issue. I am sure there are declassified papers from the 1950s and 1960s which are relevant here.--Eloquence*

I agree. More than personal safety was involved in the merry little jingle and the scenes of jolly children crouching beneath their desks at school. The message was decidedly political. Shorne 02:09, 18 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Generally speaking, if you're close enough to witness a nuke strike, aren't you already dead?

Well not necessarily, nukes can generally be seen from quite some miles away, for instance if you were 10 miles away from a 15kt detonation, ducking and covering the minute you saw the flash WOULD actually help you, at that distance you would only recieve very minor burns if any, and ducking down and covering immediatly would hamper this further. Also the blast wave would not do much harm at that distance, at most it would hit you with dust and very small debris, so again being down on the ground and shielding your head would stop you getting dust blown in your eyes and mouth... the point is this, as silly and camp and as 'political' as the film is, it still makes a valid safety point and if actually followed would very much help many people who were on the outskirts of a blast effected area (thats quite a few people when you think about large cities), obviously though it would be useless to anyone close to a nuclear fireball.... -- anon —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 212.17.56.81 (talk) 16:57, 23 February 2007 (UTC).

[edit] 2nd FAC nomination, failed

• This is my second time trying to get this nominated, and I think that I and the others have written everything there is to be written on the subject at this point :-) After I started this page (yes, it's a self-nom) I put it on the FAC, and was turned down unanimously--although suggestions for improvement were provided. So we worked some more on it. I took it to the Collabartion of the Week, but they said they only worked on stubs and couldn't help me. So I've been adding more ever since. -Litefantastic 16:43, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

• Support. I found this article quite informative and entertaining, especially for us youngsters that weren't around during the cold war. pie4all88 17:57, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)
• Object. 1. The discussion of efficacy is POV and, in fact, largely wrong. While it is currently fashionable to ridicule the advice in this film, much of it is actually sound. To avoid clutter and debate here I have made some comments to that effect on Talk:Duck and Cover 2. Also I think Duck and Cover and Duck and cover probably should be merged; while they are arguably not about exactly the same thing, the content of Duck and cover is almost completely duplicated in Duck and Cover. Securiger 12:30, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC) OK, withdraw my objection. Securiger 15:58, 21 Oct 2004 (UTC)
  • Objection to merger proposal. Duck and Cover was a movie; duck and cover was a strategy. Some explanation of duck and cover has been provided in Duck and Cover, but only for clarification purposes. -Litefantastic 19:03, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
    • Well, I don't feel strongly about merging, but as it stands, describing them as separate concepts, while true, seems to be hair-splitting to me: one is about the film, the other about the contents of the film. And the material in the big 'C' version for clarification purposes already almost completely duplicates the contents of the small 'c' version. If the small 'c' version is intended to be expanded to detail US nuclear civil defense in the Cold War, then it's under the wrong title, since it's a much broader subject than just the emergency drill. I guess we could put detailed discussion of the physics of the drill in the small 'c' version and call it a subpage or something. Securiger 15:36, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
      • Perhaps duck and cover should be moved to "cold war training" or something like that. There was, you are right, much more to this than the drill. -Litefantastic 16:48, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
• Object for now. Questioning its usefulness is POV. [[User:MacGyverMagic|Mgm|^(talk)]] 11:26, Oct 19, 2004 (UTC)
  • I have removed the paragraph that questioned its usefullness. Better, or worse? -Litefantastic 19:03, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC)
    • I don't think removal is necessary; it is quite appropriate to observe (especially in this "Pop culture" section) that people have doubted the efficacy. The problem for me is in the 2nd and 3rd paragraphs of the "History and logic" section. These paragraphs outright dismiss the concept (i.e., are POV), and additionally are riddled with errors of fact. The shortest of several examples: "...its blast and resulting heat." (The heat doesn't result from the blast, but the other way around.) I discuss this further on the Talk page. Securiger 15:36, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
      • The bits questioning its usefullness have been partially reverted back and moved into a new block called "Controversy". Feel free to edit. -Litefantastic 16:48, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC)
• I have patched in places for NPOV purposes, and the remaining bits questioning its usefullness have been quartered off so that they are expressed as a possibility, not a POV. What else? -Litefantastic 15:43, 21 Oct 2004 (UTC)
• Since it has no analog in any other country, the world's only duck and cover film for children is sometimes regarded as being a red scare political tool, to make children frightened of the Soviet Union and communism. Is the Sovjet Union or communism mentioned anywhere in the film? Seems odd to call it a red scare political tool if the kids it's shown to have absolutely no political knowledge. [[User:MacGyverMagic|Mgm|^(talk)]] 07:50, Oct 23, 2004 (UTC)

[edit] Track Record

• AID: 1 time, sucessful
• COTW: 1 time; aborted
• PR: 1 time
• FAC: 3 times

To date, not a featured article

-Litefantastic 17:47, 21 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Maybe it's tim to submit it to FAC again. A few enhancements before retrying could help it attain FA status this time.

Don't get my hopes up. -Litefantastic 14:17, 14 November 2005 (UTC)

[edit] Controversy

Could someone look into the racism quote in the controversy section? It looks like someone wrote 'just' too many times, but I can't be sure. -Litefantastic 14:25, 8 December 2005 (UTC)

[edit] Watch out for Vandalism

The article is linked from [2], which is linked from the MSN homepage. Hello32020 19:18, 14 September 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Fair use rationale for Image:Lea headline.JPG

Image:Lea headline.JPG is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Wikipedia:Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 22:52, 13 February 2008 (UTC)