Driving Van Trailer
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| British Rail DVT | |
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 A Mark 3 DVT in service with Hull Trains |
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| Manufacturer | BREL, Metro-Cammell |
| Family name | British Rail Mk3 (82101–82152) British Rail Mk4 (82200–82231) |
| Constructed | 1988 |
| Number built | Mk3: 52 Mk4: 32 |
| Number scrapped | Mk3: 1 Mk4: 1 |
| Fleet numbers | 82101–82152, 82200–82231 |
| Operator | EWS National Express East Anglia National Express East Coast Wrexham & Shropshire |
| Specifications | |
| Car length | 18.83 metres (61 ft 9 in) |
| Width | 2.71 metres (8 ft 11 in) |
| Height | 3.88 metres (12 ft 9 in) |
| Maximum speed | 110 mph (177 km/h) 125 mph (201 km/h) 140 mph (225 km/h) |
| Weight | 43.7 tonnes (96,000 lb) |
| Gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8½ in) |
| Braking system | Air |
A Driving Van Trailer or DVT is a purpose-built railway vehicle that allows the driver to operate a locomotive at the opposite end of a train. Trains operating with a DVT therefore do not require the locomotive to run round to the other end of the train at terminal stations. Unlike many other control cars, DVTs resemble locomotives (specifically, classes 90 and 91) and thus when the train is operating in "push" mode it does not appear to be travelling backwards. The vehicles have no passenger accommodation due to rules in place at the time of building that prohibited passengers in the leading vehicles of trains that travel at more than 100 mph (161 km/h).
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[edit] Development
On the InterCity 225 (IC225) sets operating on the East Coast Main Line (ECML) the Mark 4 DVTs and locomotives operate in push-pull formation utilising a Time-Division Multiplexer to send control signals along specially screened cables which run the length of the train.
On the original Mark 3 DVTs, which operated on the West Coast Main Line (WCML), the intention was to use the RCH jumpers to carry the signals therefore allowing the same cables to be used for lighting and the public address system, as well as driver-guard signalling. However this proved to be very troublesome in service and eventually the rakes of coaches on the WCML were re-wired with specially screened cables exclusively for the TDM system.
In addition to the driver's cab, some DVTs have luggage and cycle storage space and a guard's office.
When a train is operated by a DVT, the control signals are encoded and multiplexed onto the cables by the TDM equipment in the DVT. At the locomotive, these signals are demultiplexed by the TDM equipment, and the signals are used to control the locomotive. The air braking system is operated directly from whichever cab the driver is driving from. If the TDM fails and cannot be reconfigured, the train may still operate, but if the DVT is leading, it will be necessary to uncouple the locomotive and attach it to the front of the train.
The British DVT was developed from the Mark 2 DBSO, but unlike its predecessor, it was built specifically for this purpose. The original DVTs were designed to be used with Mark 2 D, E & F and Mark 3 coaches, and the second design with Mark 4 coaches, which have a narrower profile. This enables it to be converted to tilting operation if required in the future.
Mark 3 DVTs can be seen in service in the UK today with EWS, with National Express East Anglia Mainline services and occasionally with Virgin West Coast. The new open access operator Wrexham & Shropshire will utilise Mark 3 DVTs on its services between London and Wrexham. Class 67 and Class 90s provide the power to these DVTs. The Mark 4 DVT is operated by National Express East Coast and powered by Class 91s and by the unique Class 89 Co-Co locomotive which once operated between London Kings Cross and Leeds.
[edit] Mark 3 DVT
[edit] Virgin West Coast
Virgin West Coast used to operate push-pull services on WCML between London Euston, Liverpool Lime Street, Manchester, Birmingham and Glasgow in conjunction with class 86, 87 and 90 locomotives, but now the services are run exclusively by Class 390 Pendolinos. Virgin retained 2 DVTs for backup purposes, both DVTs have recently been fitted with on-train monitoring recorders (OTMR) so it appears their future is more secure with Virgin West Coast.
[edit] 'one' Anglia/National Express East Anglia
National Express East Anglia operate push-pull services between London London Liverpool Street and Norwich in conjunction with class 90 locomotives. These DVTs were originally used by Virgin West Coast until the Pendolinos were fully operational. All the WCML DVTs needed refurbishing when they came off lease and were re-painted into 'one' colours.
[edit] EWS
EWS operate a Mark 3 DVT as part of their EWS Company Train. 82146 is painted in the Silver colours of the company train and operates with Class 67 67029 and three Mark 3 coaches.
[edit] Wrexham & Shropshire
Wrexham & Shropshire are due to start operating push-pull services on 28 April 2008 between Wrexham General and London Marylebone in conjunction with Class 67 diesel locomotives. The DVT's require modification to work with the Class 67, involving adding a notched power controller as is used in the locomotive and a 27 wire jumper cable the same as used between all the GM EMD locomotives known as the AAR Multiple Working system. These DVTs were originally used by Virgin West Coast until the Pendolinos were fully operational. The Wrexham & Shropshire DVT's are currently undergoing refurbishment and modification including fitment of OTMR data recorders.
| Key: | In Service | Withdrawn | Scrapped |
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| Number | Name(s) | Dates | Built | Final Livery | Operator | Withdrawn | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 82101 | Wembley InterCity Depot 101 Squadron |
1996-1997 2000-2007 |
1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | - | In service |
| 82102 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Totally de-branded 'one' | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82103 | - | - | 1988 Derby | 'one' rainbow, with logos removed | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82104 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | National Express East Anglia | Summer 2006 | Training vehicle for drivers at Norwich Crown Point |
| 82105 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Totally de-branded 'one' | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82106 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn, Stored at Doncaster |
| 82107 | - | - | 1988 Derby | National Express East Anglia Silver | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82108 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82109 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | First ScotRail | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82110 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82111 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82112 | - | - | 1988 Derby | 'one' rainbow, with logos removed | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82113 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82114 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Totally de-branded 'one' | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82115 | - | - | 1988 Derby | BR Blue | Porterbrook Leasing Company / Hull Trains | ? | In service - reinstated 18/12/07 |
| 82116 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82117 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Laing Rail / Wrexham & Shropshire | - | Under Refurbishment & Conversion to work with Class 67 |
| 82118 | Britannia | 2004-2005 | 1988 Derby | 'one' rainbow with logos removed | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82119 | - | - | 1988 Derby | ’one’ Anglia | National Express East Anglia | 10/2005 | Scrapped at MoD Caerwent (11/2005) |
| 82120 | Liverpool Chamber of Commerce | ? | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | First ScotRail | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82121 | Carlisle Cathedral | ? | 1988 Derby | ’one’ logo with branding removed | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82122 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82123 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Laing Rail / Wrexham & Shropshire | - | Under Refurbishment & Conversion to work with Class 67 |
| 82124 | The Girls' Brigade | ? | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82125 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82126 | G8 Summit Birmingham 1998 Wembley Traincare Depot |
1998-2004 2004- |
1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | - | In service |
| 82127 | Abraham Darby | ? | 1988 Derby | ’one’ rainbow with branding removed | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82128 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn, Stored at Doncaster |
| 82129 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82130 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Laing Rail / Wrexham & Shropshire | No | Under Refurbishment & Conversion to work with Class 67 |
| 82131 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Porterbrook Leasing Company Red/Black | EWS | - | In service |
| 82132 | West Midlands Industry '96 | 1996-2005 | 1988 Derby | 'one' rainbow, with branding removed | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82133 | - | - | 1988 Derby | 'one' rainbow with branding removed | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82134 | Sir Henry Doulton 1820-1897 | ? | 1988 Derby | Laing Rail / Wrexham & Shropshire | - | Under Refurbishment & Conversion to work with Class 67 | |
| 82135 | Spirit of Cumbria | ? | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Laing Rail / Wrexham & Shropshire | - | Under Refurbishment & Conversion to work with Class 67 |
| 82136 | - | - | 1988 Derby | ’one’ rainbow with branding removed | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82137 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82138 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82139 | - | - | 1988 Derby | 'one' rainbow with branding removed | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82140 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82141 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82142 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82143 | - | - | 1988 Derby | ’one’ rainbow with branding removed | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
| 82144 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82145 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82146 | - | - | 1988 Derby | EWS Hospitality | EWS | - | In service |
| 82147 | The Red Devils | ? | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82148 | International Spring Fair | ? | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82149 | 101 Squadron | 1998-2000 | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82150 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82151 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Virgin Red/Black | Porterbrook Leasing Company | ? | Withdrawn |
| 82152 | - | - | 1988 Derby | Totally de-branded ’one’ | National Express East Anglia | - | In service |
[edit] Mark 4 DVT
A start has now been made on repainting the National Express East Coast flagship Class 91 fleet in corporate colours.
Mark 4 DVTs were built in 1988 by Metro Cammell at their Washwood Heath plant in Birmingham and were introduced to the ECML with the IC225 rakes of Mark 4 coaches. They operate with class 91 locomotives using the TDM system via UIC screened cables through the nine Mark 4 coaches of the rake.
Initially operated by British Rail's InterCity sector in its familiar livery, following privatisation of the railways the services were taken over by Sea Containers under the Great North Eastern Railway (GNER) brand but following a change of operator in December 2007 they are now run by National Express and will in future be re-liveried into 'National Express East Coast' grey and white colours. As well as a drivers cab and a guards van, these particular DVTs have extra luggage space. National Express East Coast have applied an interim livery onto the Mark 4 DVTs. This livery is just until the full NXEC livery can be applied.
| Key: | In Service | Withdrawn | Scrapped |
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| Number | Name | Dates | Built | Final Livery | Operator | Withdrawn | Status |
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| 82200 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service (Note: was involved in Hatfield derailment) |
| 82201 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82202 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82203 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82204 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82205 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82206 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82207 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82208 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82209 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | Unbranded Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82210 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82211 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82212 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82213 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82214 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82215 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82216 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82217 | Off to the Races | 2006- | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82218 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82219 | Duke of Edinburgh | 2003- | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82220 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82221 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | GNER Blue | None | 2001 | Destroyed in the Selby rail crash on February 28, 2001. Stored at Doncaster. |
| 82222 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82223 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82224 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82225 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82226 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82227 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82228 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82229 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82230 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
| 82231 | - | - | 1988 Metro-Cammell | NXEC Interim Blue | National Express East Coast | - | In service |
[edit] References
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