Dobrzyca
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 |
This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone or spelling. You can assist by editing it now. A how-to guide is available. (December 2007) |
Dobrzyca is an urbanized village in western Poland, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Pleszew County, Gmina Dobrzyca.
It is 15 km northeast from the town of Jarocin and 25 km from Krotoszyn.
Contents |
[edit] History
The first written mention of Dobrzyca dates to the year 1327, when the noble Mikołaj Dobrzycki the possession of the place is certified documentary. In the year 1440 the young king Władysław III of Warna lends the municipal law to the place in southern large Poland. Dobrzyca lost this status only in 1934.
The small city lives in first line of the handicraft and had in 18th Century no more than about 1000 inhabitants. In the 17th Century Dobrzyca was destroyed by Swedish troops. 1655 pull itself Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, the leader of an aristocracy rebellion against king Johann II. Kasimir, after a victory over the royal troops with Częstochowa in the large Polish hinterland back and breaks its headquarters open in Dobrzyca.
1717 expire the sex of the Dobrzycki and the wealthy land aristocrat Alexander Gorzeński acquired the city. His grandchild was general Augustyn Gorzeński, aide of the king Stanislaus II. August Poniatowski, Sejm delegate and Mitgestalter of the condition from 3 May (1791), provides starting from 1772 for a new stimulation of the urban economy and begins 1795 with the change of the old lock from Dobrzyca to time and according to rank aristocracy palaces with extensive landscape park.
Due to the divisions of Poland Dobrzyca comes starting from 1793 under Prussian rule. The city and its goods change 19 in the process. Century several times the owner, before the bibliophile count Zygmunt Czarnecki the city acquires 1890, which is then until 1939 in family estate of the Czarnecki. The counts provide for a binding of the city to the railway, create agriculture combinations and a landwirtschaftsbank. The return to again-established Poland 1918 carries the establishment of further cooperatives and associations. Stanisław Mikołajczyk, Sejm delegate and later prime minister of the Polish government-in-exile is closely connected for the place in London.
After the release from the crew by the German Reich during the Second World War 1939-1945 develops for housing cooperatives, which makes in the long run the transformation possible of the aristocracy palace into a museum. From 1975 to the regional reorganization in Poland 1998 Dobrzyca belongs to the Woiwodschaft Kalisz
[edit] Objects of interest
The Gorzeński lock and the park are worth seeing in Dobrzyca before everything. Similar plants are in numerous further places of large Poland and Masowiens - so also in the nearby Gołuchów, to scarcely 20 km east of Dobrzyca, as well as in 25 km the lain north Śmiełów, whose lock was built by the same aristocracy family.
[edit] Palace
The palace of the general Augustyn Gorzeński developed 1795-1799 and by Stanisław Zawadzki was sketched, for the prominent Polish building master of the epoch. One established it in place of the old lock of Dobrzyca. It is architectural a work of the early classicism, which exhibits some latebaroque style characteristics in the inside still (for example illusionistic painting of Italian dekorateure from Warsaw). In its external feature it connects traditional structural elements of a Polish aristocracy seat with the requirements of a douple swing building of representations. At the building the freimaurerische symbolism is remarkable.
The National Socialist Besatzer the palace functioned to 1940, during the Second World War (after the obligation evacuation of the countess Czarnecka and its daughters in the Generalgouvernement) to a getreidespeicher over. In the postwar years the heruntergekommene building served among other things as a primary school. It arrives to 1988 into the possession of the national museum floats and starting from 1990 in the context of a Public private Partnership is aufwaendig restored. Today it is belonged to museum and to a halfpublic donation.
[edit] Landscape park
Still more worth seeing than the lock the landscape park is, that likewise around the turn from 18th to 19th Century was put on and in the English style is held. It covers two river courses as well as several ponds and channels. The Pantheon round pavilion mentioned (its architectural model the Roman Pantheon represents) was in the 19. Jahrhundert meeting place of a loge of the freimaurer. On an artificial island a Monopteros rises in one of the ponds, furthermore there are a summer-house and exotic plant types.
[edit] External links
