Dhamek Stupa
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Dhamek Stupa (also spelled Dhamekh and Dhamekha) is a massive stupa located at Sarnath, 13 km away from Varanasi in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.
The Dhamek Stupa was built ca. 500 AD[1] to replace an earlier structure commissioned by the great Mauryan king Ashoka in 249 B.C.E., along with several other monuments, to commemorate his pilgrimage there. Stupas originated as circular mounds encircled by large stones. King Ashoka built stupas to enshrine small pieces of calcinated bone and other relics of Buddha and his disciples.[2] An Ashoka pillar with an edict engraved on it stands near the site.
The Dhamek Stupa is said to mark the spot of a deer park (Rishipattana) where the Buddha gave the first sermon to his five disciples after attaining enlightenment,[3][4] "revealing his Eightfold Path leading to nirvana".[5] The stupa was enlarged on six occasions but the upper part is still unfinished.[6] While visiting Sarnath in 640 AD, Xuanzang recorded that the colony had over 1,500 priests and the main stupa was nearly 300 feet high.[7]
In its current shape, the stupa is a solid cylinder of bricks and stone reaching a height of 43.6 meters and having a diameter of 28 meters. It is the most massive structure in Sarnath.[8] The basement seems to have survived from Ashoka's structure: the stone facing is chiseled and displays delicate floral carvings of Gupta origin. The wall is covered with exquisitely carved figures of humans and birds, as well as inscriptions in the Brāhmī script.[9]
[edit] References
- ^ Sir Banister Fletcher's a History of Architecture, 20th ed. (ed. by Dan Cruickshank). Architectural Press, 1996. ISBN 0750622679. Page 646.
- ^ Stupas. Indian Heritage. Retrieved on 2006-11-20.
- ^ Place of the Buddha’s First Sermon. Indian architecture. Retrieved on 2006-09-19.
- ^ http://www.asia.msu.edu/southasia/india/culture/architecture.html. Retrieved on 2007-02-08.
- ^ Quoted from: Pippa de Bruyn, Niloufer Venkatraman, Keith Bain. Frommer's India. ISBN 0471794341. Page 340.
- ^ Bradnock, Robert W. Footprint India. Footprint Travel Guides, 2004. ISBN 1904777007. Page 191.
- ^ Arnett, Robert A. India Unveiled. Atman Press, 2006. ISBN 0965290042.
- ^ Dhamekh Stupa. Varanasicity.com. Retrieved on 2006-10-16.
- ^ Dhamekh Stupa. Retrieved on 2006-09-19.
