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[edit] Table for Book of Abraham

Figure Joseph Smith Explanation[1] Explanation by Egyptologists (quotes are from Deveria)[2][3][4][5][6]
General Comment Abraham is reasoning upon the principles of Astronomy, in the king’s court. "Initial painting of a funerary MS. of the lower epoch, which cannot be anterior to the beginning of the Roman dominion."
1 Abraham sitting upon Pharaoh’s throne, by the politeness of the king, with a crown upon his head, representing the Priesthood, as emblematical of the grand Presidency in Heaven; with the scepter of justice and judgment in his hand. "Osiris on his seat."
2 King Pharaoh, whose name is given in the characters above his head. "The goddess Isis. The star she carries in her right hand is the sign of life."
3 Signifies Abraham in Egypt as given also in Figure 10 of Facsimile No. 1. "Altar, with the offering of the deceased, surrounded with lotus flowers, signifying the offering of the defunct."
4 Prince of Pharaoh, King of Egypt, as written above the hand. "The goddess Ma."
5 Shulem, one of the king’s principal waiters, as represented by the characters above his hand. "The deceased, led by Ma into the presence of Osiris. His name is Horus, as may be seen in the prayer which is at the bottom of the picture, and which is addressed to the divinities of the four cardinal points."
6 Olimlah, a slave belonging to the prince. "An unknown divinity, probably Anubis; but his head which ought to be that of a jackal, has been changed."


  1. ^ Facsimile No. 2. Retrieved on 2006-08-07.
  2. ^ Explanations in this table are based on the observations of Egyptologists Theodule Deveria, Rhodes, John Gee, and Parker as indicated in the subsequent references.
  3. ^ Stenhouse 1878, pp. 510-519
  4. ^ Parker 1968, p. 86
  5. ^ Gee 1991
  6. ^ Parker 1968, p. 86